Organ systems/homeostasis

organ

two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function

organ system

a group of related organs that have a common function

integumentary system organs

skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands

integumentary system function

• regulate body temperature

• eliminate some wastes

• detects sensations

• protects

skeletal system components

all the bones and joints of the body and their associated cartilages

skeletal system function

• support and protect body

• assist in movement

• produces blood cells

• stores minerals and lipids

muscular system components

skeletal (main component), cardiac, and smooth muscle tissue

muscular system function

• powers movement of the body

• stabilizes body position

• generates heat

cardiovascular system components

blood, heart, and blood vessels

cardiovascular system function

• carries oxygen and nutrients to cells via blood

• removes carbon dioxide and wastes from cells via blood

• helps regulate pH, temperature, and water content of bodily fluids

• defend against disease

• mend damaged blood vessels

lymphatic system components

• lymph

• lymphatic vessels

• spleen, thymus, tonsils

lymphatic system function

• returns proteins/plasma to cardiovascular system

• location of maturation/proliferation of WBCs

• produces antibodies to combat disease

• transports fat from gastrointestinal tract to cardiovascular system

nervous system components

brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs

nervous system function

• regulate body activities in response to stimuli

• interprets stimuli and responds through muscular contractions or glandular secretions

endocrine system components

hormone-producing glands such as pituitary, thyroid, pancreas

endocrine system function

• regulate body activities thru hormones

• transport chemicals in blood to target cells

respiratory system components

lungs and airways leading in/out of them

respiratory system function

• transfer oxygen from inhaled air to blood

• transfer carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled air

• regulate pH balance of body fluids

digestive system components

• organs of gastrointestinal tract

• accessory organs

gastrointestinal tract

mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines

accessory organs (digestive system)

salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder

digestive system function

• physical and chemical breakdown of foods 

• absorbs nutrients

• eliminates solid waste

urinary system components

kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

urinary system function

• regulate volume and chemical composition of blood

• eliminate metabolic waste

• regulate fluid and electrolyte balance

• helps maintain pH of bodily fluids and calcium balance of body

• secretes hormone that regulates RBC production

reproductive system components

gonads (testes/ovaries), uterus, vagina, vas deferens, epididymis, penis

reproductive system function

• produce gametes and release hormones that regulate reproduction

• transport and store gametes

homeostasis

maintenance of a stable internal environment (optimal conditions)

• necessary for normal body functioning, to sustain life

homeostatic imbalance

a disturbance in homeostasis resulting in disease/breakdown

regulation

sum of all processes that are occurring in the body to maintain homeostasis

• negative and positive feedback mechanisms

feedback mechanisms

mechanisms by which the body senses and responds to internal and/or external stimuli in order to maintain homeostasis

negative feedback

shuts off original stimulus, or reduces its intensity

• includes most homeostatic control mechanisms

• ex: body temperature, glucose levels

positive feedback mechanism

response amplifies the initial stimulus

• not common - only blood clotting and childbir