APUSH Period 4 (1800-1848)

Key Terms/Events

American Colonization Society

Est. (1816) to facilitate the emigration of free African-Americans and free slaves to Africa colony.

Monroe Doctrine

Foreign policy to oppose European colonialism in the Americas

Missouri Compromise

Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. 36 30’ line to establish a boundary for slavery in the Louisiana Territory.

War of 1812

Causes

• France and Britian’s conflict

• Entered by the United States due to British impressment

Effects

• The US won leading to expansion of U.S. territory

• Increased nationalism

• Decline of the Federalist Party.

Hartford Convention

Meetings held by New England Federalists during the War of 1812 to discuss their grievances and seek constitutional amendments.

Embargo Act (1807)

A law that prohibited American ships from trading in foreign ports, aimed at protecting U.S. interests but led to economic hardship.

Second Bank of The United States (1816)

President Madison depository for federal funds and loaned to state banks.

Era of Good Feelings

A period of national unity in the United States following the War of 1812, characterized by a sense of national pride and the decline of partisan politics.

The American System - Henry Clay

• Federally funded internal improvement

• implementation of protective tariffs

• Re-establish Bank of the US

Market Revolution

shift from agrarian economies to industrialized and market-driven production, characterized by advancements in transportation, communication, and changes in labor practices.

Panic of 1819

• A financial crisis that marked the end of the Era of Good Feelings

  Effect

• Severe economic depression and revealing the vulnerabilities of the American economy

• Decreased demand for exports

Universal white male suffrage

The end of property requirements to vote for white men.

Erie Canal

A man-made waterway completed in 1825 that connected the Hudson River to Lake Erie, facilitating trade and transportation in New York.

Cult of Domesticity

Separate spheres for women and men. A societal expectation that emphasized women's roles as homemakers and caregivers to make the home a nest for men.

Tariff of 1828

Legislation that raised tariffs on imported goods, aiming to protect American industry but causing controversy, particularly in the South. Also known as the "Tariff of Abominations," it was particularly detrimental to Southern economies, leading to strong opposition and claims of states' rights.

Nullification

The principle that states have the right to invalidate any federal law they deem unconstitutional. This doctrine was notably applied by South Carolina in response to the Tariff of 1828, leading to significant political tensions.

2nd Great Awakening

Evangelical preachers of spiritual renewal. This religious revival movement emphasized personal piety, individual faith, and social reform, significantly influencing American society and moral values in the early 19th century.

Temperance Movement

Movement aimed at promoting abstinence from alcohol. Mainly led by women striving for social reform. An effect of the Great Awakening.

Abolitionism

• Movement to end slavery

• Different approaches was advocated by various groups, including moral suasion and political action.

• Radical republicans advocated for the immediate abolition of slavery and equality of races.

The liberator

An abolitionist newspaper founded by William Lloyd Garrison in 1831, advocating for the immediate emancipation of enslaved people and equal rights for African Americans.

Nat Turners Rebellion

A slave uprising that occurred in Virginia in 1831, led by Nat Turner. The rebellion resulted in the deaths of many enslaved people and heightened fears of slave insurrections.

Seneca Falls Convention

The first women's rights convention held in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848

• Themes of women’s suffrage and equal rights

• That addressed issues such as voting rights, property rights, and education for women, culminating in the Declaration of Sentiments.

Manifest Destiny

Belief tha