Soci Stats Chapter 1; Kay Newling TXST

Numerical Data

Record of observations that can be counted

Variable

List of values that vary

Nominal/ Categorical

Not listed hierarchically but in numbers of variables. Groups of numbers

Ordinal

Listed in hierarchal order such as height. But descriptive words not numbers

Interval/ Ratio

Gives us the finest unit of measurement, using numbers to find average and put in order

Interval

No true value of 0 and contains negatives. Equal distance between numbers

Ratio

True 0 values only, No negative, can be twice as greater and divided. Equal distance between numbers

Population

all possible cases within a defined boundary. or that all meet the same criteria

Sampling Frames

List of a population from which a sample can be drawn, group from a population

Parameter

From a population. Characteristics of cases from population

Sample

Portion of a population

Representative sample

selected in a way that distribution can mirror the population results

Statistic

From a Sample. Characteristics of cases

Descriptive Statistics

Process of describing a distribution, using statistical procedures based on a sample statistic.

inferential Statistics

Making Statements or inference using statistical procedures based in sample statistics.

Frequency Distribution

Number of times each possible value of a variable occurs in a data set