Aviation Maintenance - Aviation Physics Definitions

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32 Terms

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Newton's First Law
a body in motion remains in motion or a body at rest remains at rest, unless acted on by an outside force
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Newton's Second Law
Force = mass x acceleration
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Newton's Third Law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
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States of matter
solid, liquid, gas
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Matter
anything that takes up space and has mass
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Horsepower (per second)
1 hp = 550 ft-lbs/s
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Horsepower (per minute)
1 hp = 33,000 ft-lbs/min
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Horsepower (per hour)
1 hp = 375 mile pounds per hour (mi-lbs/hr)
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Mass
Mass = weight x acceleration due to gravity
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Weight
weight = mass x gravity
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Potential Energy
potential energy = weight x height
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Kinetic Energy
kinetic energy = (1/2)mass x velocity^2
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Work
work = force x distance
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Power
power = force x distance / time
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Torque
torque = force x distance
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First Class Lever
The fulcrum is positioned between the effort and resistance
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Second Class Lever
the load is between the fulcrum and the effort
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Third Class Lever
The fulcrum is at one end of the bar and the effort is between the fulcrum and the resistance
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Pulleys
a wheel mounted on a fixed axis and supported by a frame
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Single Fixed Pulley
only changes the direction of the force (you pull down, the object goes up)
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Single Movable Pulley
a pulley attached to the load being moved
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Block and Tackle
Fixed pulley and a movable pulley are used together
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Gear
A circular toothed object used to transfer rotary motion and torque through interlocking teeth
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Bevel Gears
gears that are used to change the plane of rotation
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Worm Gear
gear consisting of a shaft with screw thread (the worm) that meshes with a toothed wheel (the worm wheel)
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Planetary Sun Gear
An epicyclic gear train is a gear reduction assembly consisting of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear revolves around the center of the other
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Forms of Heat Transfer
convection, conduction, radiation
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What are the 5 types of stress
compression, tension, shear, torsion, bending
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Centripetal Force
a force that acts on a body moving in a circular path and is directed toward the center around which the body is moving
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Centripetal Force Equation
centripetal force = mass (velocity^2) / radius
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Centrifrugal Force
outward force on a mass when it is rotated
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Law of Conservation
Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change