Anatomy and Physiology II - Lab 12

This goes over Lab 12: Fetal Pig Dissection 1. The specific course is Anatomy and Physiology II (BIOL-2402)

eyelid

pigs are born with closed eyelids

eyelid

pinna

external ear flap

• gathers sound into the external auditory canal

pinna

external nares

exterior openings of the nose

• breathing

• sense of smell

external nares

vibrissae

long, stiff hairs/whiskers

• touch

vibrissae

digits

toes and hooves

digits

mammary papilla

5-6 pairs in both sexes

• females: develop into mammary glands

mammary papilla

umbilical cord

2 umbilical arteries and 1 umbilical vein

• vessels do nutrient, gas, and waste exchange between the fetus and maternal placenta

umbilical cord

genital papilla

female only

like the human vulva

• terminal ends of vagina and urethra

genital papilla

urogenital opening

male only

near the base of the umbilical cord

• terminal end of the male urogenital tract/urethra

urogenital opening

scrotum

male only

sac of the testes

• thermoregulation

scrotum

mandibular/submaxillary gland

lima bean shaped salivary gland

partially ventral to parotid gland, between parotid and angle of the jaw

mandibular/submaxillary gland

sublingual gland

narrow and flat salivary gland

beneath the skin, medial to the lower jaw, next to the tongue

usually near mandibular gland’s medial edge

sublingual gland

parotid gland

large salivary gland

posterior and ventral to the masseter

near pinna base

parotid gland

hard palate

ridged surface on the anterior of the mouth’s roof

hard palate

soft palate

smooth surface on the posterior of the mouth’s roof

soft palate

tongue

floor of the mouth, between the lower jaws

• taste buds

• food manipulation

tongue

papillae of the tongue

small projections of the tongue

• food manipulation

papillae of the tongue

pharynx

throat region that merges the respiratory and digestive systems

glottis

trachea opening

• covered by epiglottis

glottis

epiglottis

covers the glottis

• separates esophagus from the trachea

• prevents food from entering the respiratory system

epiglottis

larynx

voice box

anteriorly connected to the glottis, posteriorly connected to the trachea

• vocal cords

larynx

trachea

windpipe

tube from the larynx to the lungs

• cartilage rings keep it open

trachea

thymus gland

large and long endocrine gland

beneath the skin on each side of and over the trachea

extends down into the thoracic cavity, lying dorsally on the heart

• early development of the immune system

thymus gland

thyroid gland

small, dark, oval endocrine gland

between thymus gland, posterior to larynx, and ventral to trachea

• covered by 2 sternohyoid muscles

thyroid gland

lungs

large organ on lateral sides of the heart

• gas exchange

diaphragm

skeletal muscle between lung and liver

• breathing

diaphragm

esophagus

tube from the pharynx to the stomach

• travels through throat and diaphragm

stomach

digestive organ

posterior to the liver

• breaks down food

stomach

pyloric sphincter

donut-shaped smooth muscle

posterior end of the stomach

• separates stomach and small intestine

pyloric sphincter

omentum

connective tissue that attaches and anchors the stomach

lesser omentum

inside, concave stomach curve

greater omentum

outside, convex stomach curve

gall bladder

green bile sac

in middle lobe of liver

gall bladder

common bile duct

transports bile to the duodenum, in gallbladder

liver

largest gland

between stomach and diaphragm

• filters blood

• makes blood clotting proteins

liver

spleen

long, flat, finger-like, dark red to purplish projection

left of stomach

• stores blood

spleen

pancreas

looks like chewed gum

endocrine gland

stomach base

• hormones control

  • blood sugar

  • digestive enzymes

pancreas

small intestine

digestive part between stomach and large intestine

• nutrient absorption

small intestine

small intestine divisions

length of name corresponds to order (long → short)

• duodenum

• jejunum

• ileum

mesentery

connective tissue attached to the intestines

cecum

finger-like projection of large intestines

junction of large and small intestines

cecum

large intestine

posterior part of the intestines

• absorbs water

• prepares for waste elimination

large intestine

large intestine divisions

Can All Teachers Drink Soda Regularly?

• cecum

• ascending colon

• transverse colon

• descending colon

• sigmoid colons

• rectum

rectum

final part of the large intestine

• waste storage

anus

terminal opening of the digestive tract

• eliminates waste from the rectum out of the body