Federalist 51

AP Gov

Who wrote Federalist No. 51?

James Madison

What is the main purpose of Federalist No. 51?

To explain how the Constitution’s system of checks and balances protects liberty.

What is the famous quote about human nature in this essay?

“If men were angels, no government would be necessary.”

Why is separation of powers necessary?

To prevent any one branch from gaining too much power.

How do checks and balances work?

Each branch of government has the ability to limit the powers of the others.

Why is it important that each branch is independent?

So branches are not controlled by or dependent on each other.

What does Madison say is the best way to control government power?

Divide power among branches and have them check each other.

How does Federalist 51 connect to Federalist 10?

Both argue that a large republic helps control factions and protect minority rights.

How are minority rights protected under this system?

By preventing a majority from easily uniting to dominate government.

What is Madison’s ultimate argument in Federalist No. 51?

A strong but divided government with checks and balances best protects liberty.