A&P1 Practical 3 review

Frontalis (function)

moves scalp posteriorly

Occipitalis (function)

moves scalp posteriorly

Buccinator (function)

whistling

orbicularis oculi function

blinking, winking, squinting

Masseter function

chews

Temporalis function

chews

zygomaticus major function

smile

orbicularis oris function

pouts lips

Sternocleidomastoid (origin, insertion, action)

Origin: Sternum

Insertion: Mastoid Process

Action: head Rotation

levator scapulae function

elevates scapula

pectoralis major function

flexing the arm

pectoralis minor function

shrugs shoulder

external intercostals function

elevates ribs in inspiration

internal intercostals function

depress ribs in expiration

Serratias anterior function

stabilizes the scapula

Diaphragm function

respiration

internal obliques function

bending lateral of the spine

external obliques function

bends the spine laterally

Trapezius function

Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; rotates the arm

rectus abdominus function

flexing the spine

Rhomboideus Major/minor function

adducts and elevates scapula

latissimus dorsi function

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm

Deltoid function

abduction of arm

Teres major function

extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

Teres minor function

lateral rotation of arm

biceps brachii (origin, insertion, action)

origin: coracoid process

insertion: radius

action: flexes arm

brachialis function

flexes forearms

brachioradialis function

flexes forearm

triceps brachii function

extends forearm

pronator teres function

pronates forearm

flexor carpi radialis function

flexes wrist

flexor carpi ulnaris function

flexes wrist

extensor carpi ulnaris function

extends wrist

extensor carpi radialis longus function

extends wrists

extensor digitorum function

Extends fingers and the wrist

what are the muscles of the rotator cuff? (sits)

- supraspinatus

- infraspinatus

- teres minor

- subscapularis

supraspinatus function

abducts the arm and rotates the arm

Infraspinatus function

abducts the scapula (or shoulder) and rotates the arm

subscapularis function

medial rotation of arm

teres major function

abducts the arm and medially rotates the arm

teres minor function

lateral rotation of arm

gluteus maximus function

abducts hip

tensor fasciae latae function

abducts thigh

what are the muscles of the quadriceps

- rectus femoris

- vastus lateralis

- vastus medialis

- vastus intermedius

rectus femoris (origin, insertion, action)

origin: ilium

insertion: knee

action: extends leg

vastus lateralis function

extends leg

vastus medialis function

extends leg

vastus intermedius function

extends leg

rectus femoris function

extends leg and flexes thigh

How many muscles are in the quadriceps?

4 muscles

What are the muscles of the hamstring?

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

biceps femoris (origin, insertion, action)

Origin: thigh (ischial tuberosity)

insertion: tibia/fibula

action: flexes leg

Semitendinosus function

flexes leg and extends thigh

Semimembranosus function

extends thigh and flexes leg

gracilis function

adducts thigh

Sartorius function

lateral rotation of thigh and flexes leg at knee

gastrocnemius (origin, insertion, action)

origin: femur

insertion: calcaneus

action: planter flextion

soleus function

plantar flexion

Peroneus Longus function

plantar flexion

tibalis posterior function

plantar flexion

tibialis anterior function

dorsiflexion

flexor digitorum longus function

plantarflexion

extensor digitorum longus function

dorsiflexion

where is dense regular connective tissue found?

tendons and ligaments

where is skeletal tissue located?

attached to bones

what do tendons do?

holds muscle to bone

what do ligaments do?

holds bone to bone

dense irregular tissue (location and function)

- tendons and ligaments

- supports organs

skeletal muscles (voluntary vs involuntary, striations and branching, cells)

- voluntary muscle movement

- has striations but no branching

- long cylinder, multinucleated cells

what is the location and function of skeletal muscles?

- location: bones

- move body by pulling on bones

cardiac muscles

- found in the heart (does not include blood vesicles)

- have intercalated discs (ensure muscle cells contract @ once)

- has striations and branching

what are the location and function of cardiac muscles?

location: heart

function: contracts the heart

smooth muscle

- found in blood vesicles and lining organs

- no branching and striations

- spindle shaped

- runs at an angle

- involuntary muscle movement

Frontalis

Occipitalis

orbicularis oculi

zygomatic major

Buccinator

orbicularis oris

Temporalis

Masseter

Sternocleidomastoid

scalene

pectoralis major

pectoralis minor

serratus anterior

Trapezius

Lavator scapulae

rhomboid major

rhomboid minor

Deltoid

supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

teres minor

teres major

latissimus dorsi

biceps brachii

triceps brachii

Subscapularis

Brachialis