URINARY SYSTEM

Nephrology

The branch of medicine that deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney diseases and disorders.

Nephrologist

A medical specialist who diagnoses and treats kidney-related conditions and diseases.

Nephritis

inflammation of the kidneys.

Nephrosis

A non-inflammatory kidney disorder, typically involving degeneration of kidney tubules or kidney tissue.

hydronephrosis

Swelling of a kidney due to a buildup of urine.

nephralgia

Pain in the kidney area.

nephropexy

Surgical fixation of a displaced kidney.

nephroplasty

Surgical repair of the kidney.

nephrostomy

Surgical creation of an opening into the kidney.

nephrectomy

Surgical removal of a kidney.

nephrolithiasis

Formation of kidney stones.

nephrolithotomy

Surgical removal of a kidney stone through an incision in the kidney.

nephromegaly

Enlargement of the kidney.

nephroptosis

Abnormal displacement or dropping of the kidney.

nephrocele

a swelling or bulge in the kidney, often from fluid buildup or some other issue

renal ischemia

Inadequate blood supply to the kidney.

renal colic

Severe pain caused by kidney stones moving through the urinary tract.

glomerulonephritis

Inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys.

hydroureteronephrosis

Swelling of both the ureter and kidney due to urine buildup.

Colic

intermittent spasms of pain caused by inflammation and distention of an organ.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

remove stones from the kidney by a small puncture wound through the skin

pyelogram

An imaging test of the renal pelvis and urinary tract

pyelonephritis

Infection of the kidney and renal pelvis.

pyelonephrosis

A diseased condition involving both the renal pelvis and the kidney.

pyelolithotomy

A surgical incision into the renal pelvis to remove a kidney stone.

retrograde pyelogram

Imaging test that uses contrast dye to view the urinary tract.

ureteroscopy

Procedure using a scope to examine the ureters.

ureteroplasty

Surgical repair of the ureter.

ureterorrhaphy

Surgical suturing of the ureter.

ureterectasis

Dilation or expansion of the ureter.

ureterostomy

Surgical creation of an opening from the ureter to the surface of the abdomen.

ureterocele

A swelling or ballooning of the lower end of the ureter into the bladder.

hydroureter

Dilation of the ureter due to obstruction of urine flow.

cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder.

cystoscope

Instrument used to examine the interior of the bladder.

cystotomy

Surgical incision into the bladder.

cystostomy

Surgical creation of an opening into the bladder.

cystopyelitis

Inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis.

cystolithectomy

Surgical removal of stones from the bladder

vesicostomy

Surgical creation of an opening in the bladder. (medical term)

catheterization

Insertion of a catheter into the bladder to drain urine.

urethritis

Inflammation of the urethra.

urethroscopy

Examination of the urethra using a scope.

urethropexy

Surgical fixation of the urethra.

urethrostenosis

Narrowing of the urethra.

urethralgia

Pain in the urethra.

urethrorrhagia

Bleeding from the urethra.

urology

Branch of medicine that deals with the urinary system.

urologist

Doctor who specializes in urinary tract disorders.

urography

Imaging of the urinary system.

urolithiasis

Formation of stones in the urinary system.

anuria

Absence of urine production.

dysuria

Painful or difficult urination.

albuminuria

Presence of albumin in urine, indicating kidney issues.

haematuria

Presence of blood in urine.

glycosuria

Presence of glucose in urine.

pyuria

Presence of pus in urine, indicating infection.

polyuria

Excessive urination.

oliguria

Reduced urine output.

enuresis

Involuntary urination, often referred to as bed-wetting.

diuresis

Increased production of urine.

lithotripsy

A procedure that uses shock waves to break up kidney stones.

lithotrite

Instrument used to crush stones in the urinary tract.

litholapaxy

A procedure where bladder stones are crushed and then washed out or removed via the urethra using irrigation.

Stenting

Placing a tube in the ureter to keep it open for urine flow.