American Board of Family Medicine 2024 In-Training Examination Review

These flashcards cover key concepts, facts, and treatment guidelines from the American Board of Family Medicine 2024 In-Training Examination lecture notes.

What is the primary function of the American Board of Family Medicine's critique book for the 2024 In-Training Examination?

It provides answers and rationales for the correct answers to examinees.

What condition can cause urinary frequency but not polydipsia according to Item 4?

Interstitial cystitis and overactive bladder.

What is recommended as first-line treatment for mild hidradenitis suppurativa?

Topical clindamycin.

Which medication is NOT recommended for patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Lithium therapy.

What is a common treatment for severe uterine bleeding in hemodynamically stable patients?

Intravenous tranexamic acid.

What does prolonged QTc interval in an EKG suggest?

It can indicate polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

What is first-line treatment for metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease?

Lifestyle modification.

At what age does the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommend screening for colon cancer?

Ages 45-49.

What is the preferred surgical technique for treating myopia?

Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

What defines osteoporosis in patients as per diagnosis?

T-score ≤–2.5 or a prior fracture of the hip or spine.

What is a key recommendation for individuals with resistant hypertension?

To measure plasma aldosterone and renin levels.

Which treatment is recommended for urge incontinence?

Antimuscarinic medications.

What is the classic presentation of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)?

Notable dyspnea and bilateral interstitial infiltrates.

How does one differentiate between bipolar I and bipolar II disorder?

Bipolar I disorder requires one manic episode; bipolar II requires one hypomanic and one major depressive episode.

According to the USPSTF guidelines, how should primary aldosteronism be screened?

Through measurement of plasma aldosterone and renin levels.

Which procedure is the gold standard for diagnosing gastrointestinal bleeding?

Colonoscopy.

What does a HINTS exam assess in cases of vertigo?

It helps differentiate between central and peripheral causes.

What is the purpose of conducting a skeletal survey in children?

To evaluate for suspected physical abuse.

What are the two primary treatment options for managing acute frostbite?

Thorough evaluation and rapid rewarming.

What is the recommended initial diagnostic test for patients with suspected adenomyosis?

Transvaginal ultrasound.

What is the first-line treatment for panic disorder?

SSRI and SNRI antidepressants.

In the context of diabetes, what does screening for hemoglobin A1c not apply to?

Patients over 65 years of age without risk factors.

What is the significance of a persistent elevated D-dimer?

Indicates a high risk for venous thromboembolism.

What factors increase the likelihood of hypertension in postmenopausal women?

Age, obesity, and low physical activity.

What is recommended due to the risk of endometrial cancer in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Endometrial biopsy.

What should be started immediately when a resident in a long-term care setting is diagnosed with influenza?

Empiric antiviral treatment.

What is the recommended approach to elderly patients with bruises in high-risk areas?

Assessment for possible elder abuse.

What may occur in patients after stroke?

Depression and mobility issues.

What important laboratory finding helps diagnose celiac disease?

The presence of total IgA levels.

What is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death associated with cardiac murmurs?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

What indication does a worse headache than usual suggest?

Intracranial hemorrhage.

Which group of patients needs specific monitoring when treated with amiodarone?

Patients undergoing pulmonary function testing.

What would you expect in patients experiencing symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis?

An allergen test (skin testing).

What is the most common risk factor affecting chronic kidney disease patients?

Hypertension.