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how do firms’ expectations and confidence affect the economy?
can affect investment into big capital projects (the firms can expand domestically/internationally becoming an MNC)
can affect unemployment/stock levels
how do firms decide whether or not to spend on investment?
demand + price of output generated from investment
does investment decrease cost of production?
having more revenue streams due to higher demand boosts profits
factors affecting the extent that firms invest: means of financing investment
low interest rates means more investment (via loans)
retained profit is higher, causes more investment
factors affecting the extent that firms invest: government policies
spending more on infrastructure increases investing confidence - theres more mobility (how firms/workers move)
e.g. HS2
factors affecting the extent that firms invest: competitive fundamentals of industry
investment depends on having the best product (specific capital)
e.g. investing in robotics in a developing country