SLP 102 Quiz 1

What is the 5 domains of language?

Phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics

What is morphology?

how words and smaller units are combined (go+ing=going)

What is the 5 domains of language?

Phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics

What is morphology?

how words and smaller units are combined (go+ing=going)

What is phonology?

sound system of a language

What is syntax?

Sentence structure

What is semantics?

meaning

What is pragmatics?

the appropriate use of language in social interaction

What is speech?

Verbal means of communication involving respiration, phonation, and articulation

What is language?

Means for human communication through the use of spoken words, written symbols, or sign language

What is communication?

the process of information exchange

Encoder

speaker

Decoder

listener, receiver

What are the different types of communication?

verbal, written, gesture, drawing, sign language

What is articulation?

The movement of lips, tongue, jaw, mouth

What are requisites for language, speech, and communication development?

Sensory system, anatomy, motor strength and coordination, cognitive skills, adequate input, and brain structures

What are nativist theories?

Based on nature (born), language is innate

What are empiricist theories?

Based on nurture, learned from environment

What are examples of observation methods?

language sampling and checklists

What are examples of social games?

Peekaboo, this little piggy, ring around a Rosie

What do babies learn through social games?

Sequential actions, interpret facial expressions, turn-taking, exposure to sounds and structures of language, anticipation, vocalization attempts

What are examples of child/infant directed speech?

Repetition, higher pitch, more pitch variation, slower rate, and simpler syntax

What are examples of child directed speech in SIGNED LANGUAGE?

Exaggerated facial expression, modify their signs (larger, slower, more exaggerated movements, frequent repetitions)

What is receptive language?

understanding of spoken language, sometimes referred to as auditory comprehension

What is expressive language?

the ability to convey meaning and thoughts through the production of words and sentences, retelling of events, and engaging in conversation

What is child/infant directed speech?

The automatic way adults alternate their voice to talk to babies. Also known as "baby talk".

What is objective information?

Facts, such as what is seen, tasted, touched, smelled, and heard

What is subjective information?

Opinion and judgement that are based on thoughts and ideas

What is the principles and parameters theory?

Language acquisition is based on an innate structure in the human brain, with the brain prewired to provide children with the capacity to learn language.

How would you implement the principles and parameters theory to promote language development?

Provide complete and grammatical sentence models, recast and/or expand children's sentences that are errored and/or incomplete, ask wh- questions instead of yes/no questions

How would you implement the social interaction theory to promote language development?

Reinforce desire, seeking for interaction with other people, provide language-rich opportunities

How would you implement the cognitive theory to promote language development?

Make routine activities that are language-rich, provide opportunities for play with peers and adults

How would you implement the emergentism theory to promote language development?

Engage child in preferred activities and interests, enrich development across other domains (cognitive, social, pragmatic)

What is respiration?

Air from the lungs causes vocal folds to vibrate (“Power source” for speech)

What is development?

Act or process of growing or causing something to grow/become larger/more advanced

What is phonation?

Sounds produced by the vibration of the vocal folds

What is domain specific?

Language is special. Our brains acquire language using DIFFERENT processes and strategies.

What is domain general?

Language is shared (less special). Our brains develop language using the SAME processes and strategies.

Stages of vocal development in order (earliest to latest)

Cooing, laughter, marginal babbling, reduplicated babbling, variegated babbling, jargon

What is the social interaction theory?

Children’s language acquisition emerges through interaction with others and experience in the external environment

What is the cognitive theory?

Language acquisition and cognition are connected. Schemas allow children to understand the meaning of things in their environment.

What is the emergentism theory?

Language ability is the product of interactions between the language environment and the learning capabilities of the child. Emerges from the “emergent” effects of social, pragmatic, and cognitive factors.

How does the temporal lobe support language development?

Speech discrimination and remembering verbal information.

What is joint attention?

Infant attending to 2 stimuli (ex: parent and toy). Important for language development so children can learn new words. Indicates that a child can switch their attention and link what something looks like and what their parents say.

What is contingent responses?

Adults respond to specific child behaviors. Children learn the communicative power of their behavior.

What is communicative intent?

When babies realize that their actions have consequences and learn that people have intentions when they act.