Nutrition Exam Preparation

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to nutrition, hydration, and alcohol from the lecture notes.

Complete Protein Source

A food that contains all nine essential amino acids necessary for human health.

Amino Acids

Organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins; they contain nitrogen and vary by their side chains.

Chemical Digestion of Proteins

The process that begins in the stomach and continues in the small intestine, breaking proteins down into amino acids.

Water Scarcity

A situation where freshwater demand exceeds supply, affecting a significant portion of the global population.

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)

A hormone that helps regulate water balance in the body by signaling the kidneys to retain water.

Water Balance

The equilibrium between water intake and output in the body, essential for maintaining health.

Osmosis

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Binge Drinking

A pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08% or above; typically 4+ drinks for women and 5+ drinks for men in a short period.

Liver Cirrhosis

A late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, including alcohol abuse.

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs)

A range of effects caused by alcohol exposure during pregnancy, leading to cognitive and physical impairments in the child.

Hydration Recommendations

Guidelines suggesting the amount of water intake necessary for optimal health, typically around 3,000 ml for males and 2,200 ml for females.

Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

A measure of the amount of alcohol present in a person’s bloodstream, used to assess intoxication levels.