biopsychology names and key figures

who investigated lateralisation of function using 11 patients that had their corpus collosum severed to treat epilepsy using split brain research

finding that info presented to the right visual field could be described in speech and writing but the same info presented to the left could not be described at all

Who reported on 44 people of ocd who had undergone a cingulotomy and found after 32 weeks 30% had met the criteria for a successful response to surgery and 14 for a partial response?

Dougherty et al

How many people were involved in dougherty et als study following up a cingulotomy ? What percentage of them had met the criteria for a successful response and what percentage for a partial response?

44 people following up after 32 weeks. 30% for a successful response and 14% for a partial response.

Who use brain scans to demonstrate how Wernwicke's area was active during a listening task and Brooke's area was active during reading task?

Petersen et al

In long term memory who revealed that semantic and memories reside in different parts of the prefrontal cortex?

Buckner and petersen

Who found that only 2% of modern researchers think that language in the brain is completely controlled by Brocas and Wernwicke's area?

Dick and Tremblay

So called language streams have been identified where?

across the cortex

Lateralisation- Who use pet scan to identify which brain areas were active during a visual processing task?

Fink et al

Who analysed brain scans from over 1000 years people 7 to 29 and did find that people use certain hemispheres for certain task but there was no evidence of a dominant side?

Nielsen et al

who found 40 hours of golf training produce changes in the neural representations of movement and participants aged 40 to 60?

Bezzola et al

who revealed more time people with brain injury spent in education greater chances of disability for your recovery 40% of those achieved. DFR had more than 16 years education compared to 10% less than 12 years education?

schneider et al

who said shift workers are three times more likely to develop heart disease than people who work typical work patterns?

knutsson

Who found individual differences in sleep cycles varying from 13 to 65 hours?

Czeisler et al

Who study revealed that some people have a natural preference for going to bed early whereas others prefer the opposite?

duffy et al

according to who

the resulting sleep deficit( due to reduced slow wave sleep) may explain various issues in old age

who measured grey matter in the brains of london taxi drivers using an mri scanner

finding significantly larger amounts of grey matter in the posterior hippocampus

who identified a small area in the left frontal lobe responsible for speech production

broca

who identified an area in the left temporal lobe responsible for language understanding and speech meaning

wernicke

who found that brocas area was active when reading but wernickes area was active while listening

petersen

who removed areas varying from 10% to 50% of the cortex in rats that then had to learn a route through a maze

finding that no area seemed to be more important in the rats ability to learn the route suggesting that functions occur throughout the brain and a more holistic view of distrubution should be used

who was in an accident causing a pole to be shot through his head destroying most of his frontal lobe

which has massive effects on his personality

who used pet scans to identify which areas of the brain were active during a visual processing task using ppts with connected brains

finding that when looking at the whole image the right hemisphere dominated but when looking at the finer details the left hemisphere dominated supporting lateralisation

who analysed over a 1000 brain scans finding that people used certain hemispheres for certain tasks

supporting lateralisation

who also found when analysing over 1000 brain scans that there was no dominant hemisphere

providing evidence against the idea of right and left brained people

who showed that split brain patients performed better on certain tasks

eg they were faster at identifying odd things out

who showed that plasticity can have negative effects later in life

by showing that the brain adapting to prolonged drug use leads to poor cognitive functioning and dementia

who found that plasticity is a life long ability

showing that 40 hours of golf training can produce increases in the motor cortex compared to a control group in 40-60 year olds

who found that level of education may also affect functional recovery

finding that 40% of people who had completed over 16 years of education reached disability free recovery

who spent several extended periods of time underground to study the effects on his natural circadian rhythms

finding that he remained on a cycle

who found that ppts that spent 4 weeks in a ww2 bunker showed circadian rhythms of 24-25 hours

aschoff and wever

who studied a group of 12 people who lived in a dark cave for 3 weeks

gradually increasing the speeds of the clocks so eventually what they thought was a 24 hour day only lasted 22 hours

who found out there is reduced concentration around six in the morning meaning mistakes are more likely?

boivin et al

who found a relationship between shift work and poor health

showing that shift workers are three times more likely to develop heart problems than people who work typical work patterns showing the consequences of disrupting circadian rhythms

who showed a correlation between high divorce rates and shift work indicating the consequences of disrupting circadian rhythms

but said they may be due to strain or deprived sleep and over influences such as missing out on important familiy events?

who demonstrated how feeding patterns in mice could alter the circadian rhythms of cells in the liver by 12 hours whilst leaving the rhythm of the suprachiasmatic nucleus unaffected?

Damiola et al

who studied 29 women with irregular periods by collecting samples of pheromones from 9 of the women from their armpits at different stages of their cylce

finding that when rubbing the pheromones on the other ppts upper lips 68% of womens cycles changed and were closer to their donors cycle

who found that resetting the internal body clocks using strong lights reduced the effects of SAD in 80% of people

sanassi

who found that the sleep cycle is flawed as he found large differences between ppts

particularly in stages 3 and 4

who destroyed the scn connections of 30 chipmunks then returned them to their natural habitat finding that their sleep wake cycle completely dissapeared and many were killed by predators as they were awake/sleeping at the wrong times

decoursey et al

who bred mutant hamsters with 20 hour sleep wake cycles then showed when implanting the mutant scns into normal hamsters

they adopted 20 hour sleep wake cycles

who showed that light was detected at receptor sites all over the body by waking ppts up during the night and shining light to the back of their knees

finding that they could deviate their sleep wake cycles by up to 3 hours

who studied a young man who was blind that had an abnormal sleep wake cycle of 24.9 hours

finding despite social cues such as regular mealtimes that his cycle could not be changed

Stern and McClintock found that what percentage of women experienced changes to the cycle which brought them closer to the cycle of their "odour donor"?

68%