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Pupil

The clear covering over the opening in the center of the eye.

Iris

Muscle that controls the size of the pupil.

Lens

Bends light waves to focus on the fovea.

Retina

The part of the eye where light is changed into a neural impulse.

Visual Cortex

The part of the brain that processes visual information.

Fovea/Retina

The part of the eye that contains light-sensitive cells (rods and cones).

Retina/Ganglion Cells

The part of the eye responsible for transduction.

Fovea

The center area of the retina, contains cones.

Rods

Light-sensitive cells that see only black and white and respond well to low levels of light.

Cones

Light-sensitive cells responsible for color vision.

Red, Green, Blue

The three varieties of cones according to the Trichromatic Theory.

Red-Green

The most common type of color blindness.

Trichromatic Theory

A theory that states there are three different colors of cones.

Opponent-Process Theory

A theory where cones function in an either/or format.

Subliminal

A stimulus that is below the absolute threshold.

Sensory Adaptation

Diminished awareness of a stimulus after repeated exposure.

Audition

The sense of hearing.

Loudness

Determined by the height (amplitude) of the sound wave, measured in decibels.

Frequency

Determines the pitch of a sound, expressed in hertz.

Hammer, Anvil, Stirrup

The three tiny ear bones that amplify the eardrum's vibrations.

Auditory Nerve

Brings information from the ear to the brain.

Basilar Membrane

The area within the cochlea that contains the hair cells.

Cochlea

The snail-shaped organ in the inner ear that converts sound waves to neural messages.

Eardrum

A tight membrane that vibrates when sound waves hit it.

Basilar Membrane

The part of the ear responsible for transduction.