Cnidarians

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cnidarians are relatively ____ organized than sponges

radial

what type of symmetry do cnidarians have?

polyps and medusae

what are the 2 types of cnidarians?

diploblastic

how are adult cnidarian bodies classified by germ-layers

epithelomuscular

cnidarians have muscular contraction via ______ cells.

asexual and sexual

what type of reproduction in cnidarians?

over 9,000

how many species in phylum cnidaria?

nematocyst

specialized stinging organelle, tiny capsules made of chitin-like material and containing a coiled filament

Cnidocytes

specialized neural cells that typify the phylum Cnidaria and contain nematocysts

longest, 700 million

Cnidarians have the ____ fossil history with specimens from over _______ years ago

aquatic, shallow water

cnidarians are all ____ and mostly live in ____ areas

4

How many traditional classes of cnidaria

osmotic pressure

What produces the force to fire nematocysts?

paralyzing toxin

what do nematocysts often contain

Hydrozoa

Hydroids, fire corals, and Portuguese man-of-war

Scyphozoa

-true jellyfishes

-Most of the larger jellyfishes belong to this group and are also called “cup animals.”

Cubozoa

Cube or box jellyfishes

Anthozoa

Largest class; includes stony corals, soft corals, and sea anemones.

Staurozoa

No medusae in life cycle but has polyp topped by medusa-like region

sea jelly

what is the name jellyfish being adapted to?

asexual

polyp reproduction

sexual

medusa reproduction

Dioecious

having the male and female reproductive organs in separate individuals

Outer epidermis

derived from ectoderm

Inner gastrodermis

derived from endoderm

mesoglea

between inner gastrodermis and outer epidermis

• Gelatinous (at least 95% water). \n • Continuous layer over body and tentacles in polyps.

cnidocil

trigger-like modified cilium in cnidocytes

carnivorous

polyps are typically _____ in diet

strobilation

reproduction that forms saucer-like buds that become medusae

ephyrae

name for buds saucer like buds formed by strobilation

clone

if a polyp bud detatches what does it form?

colony w/ shared gastrovascular cavity

If bud remains attached to polyp that made it what does it become?

concave side

where is the mouth on a medusa jellyfish

statocysts

medusa orientation

ocelli

medusa light senseors

tetramerous

symmetry in medusa jellyfish

polyp form

• Adapted to sessile lifesyle

• Tubular body w/ mouth directed upward and surrounded by tentacles

  • Mouth leads to blind gastrovascular cavity

• Aboral end attached to substratum by pedal disc

• Reproduce asexually by budding, fission, pedal laceration

medusa form

-Bell or umbrella-shaped

• Usually free-swimming or free-floating.

• Mouth centered on the concave side (subumbrellar region) directed downward into frilly lobes that may extend beneath the bell.

• Tentacles may extend down from the rim of the umbrella

planula

________ settles on hard substrate and metamorphoses into a polyp

gastrodermis

lines the gut cavity and plays a role in digestion

gland, enzymes

in polyps, _______ cells discharge _____ to begin extracellular digestion

base, stalk, terminal zooids

typically hydroid components

physalia

colony of hydroids, commonly known as the Portuguese man-of-war

pneumatophore

float on physalia that allows it to move along the surface waters of tropical seas

8

how many extensions does a staurozoa polyp top have?

pedalium

flat blade at the end of each cuboza tentacle

rhopalia

house the three sets of unique eyes in cuboza

fish and freshwater annelids

2 hosts of class myxozoa

new cells grow inside old cells

how does cell division occur in class myxozoa

circular

class anthozaoa typically have _____ muscles in the body wall