(11) Normal function of TMJ, and nonfunctional or parafunctional behaviors

The TMJ is classified as a __________ joint.

ginglymoarthrodial

A ginglymoarthrodial joint allows both __________ and __________ movements.

hinging / gliding

Hinging movement of the TMJ is also called __________.

rotation

Gliding movement of the TMJ is also called __________.

translation

The TMJ is formed by articulation between the __________ and the __________.

mandibular condyle / mandibular fossa

The structure that separates the condyle and mandibular fossa is the __________.

articular disc

The articular disc divides the TMJ into __________ and __________ joint spaces.

superior / inferior

Synovial fluid in the TMJ functions to __________ the joint and transport __________.

lubricate / nutrients and waste

The normal position of the articular disc is approximately the __________ position relative to the condyle.

11-12 o'clock

Rotation in the TMJ occurs between the __________ and the __________.

condyle / inferior disc surface

Translation occurs between the __________ and the __________.

superior disc surface / mandibular fossa

Functional behaviors of the TMJ include __________, __________, and __________.

talking / chewing / swallowing

Nonfunctional behaviors of the TMJ are also called __________ behaviors.

parafunctional

Examples of parafunctional behaviors include __________, __________, and empty-mouth chewing movements.

bruxism / clenching

Empty-mouth chewing movements may be seen in conditions such as __________ or __________.

tardive dyskinesia / orofacial dystonia

The masticatory muscles responsible for TMJ movement are innervated by the __________ nerve.

mandibular nerve (V3)

The masseter muscle primarily __________ the mandible.

elevates

The temporalis muscle helps to __________ and __________ the mandible.

close / retrude

The medial pterygoid assists in __________ the mandible.

elevating

The inferior head of the lateral pterygoid helps __________ and __________ the mandible.

protrude / depress

The digastric muscle assists in __________ and __________ the mandible.

depression / retrusion

Which type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?

A. Ball and socket

B. Hinge only

C. Ginglymoarthrodial

D. Pivot

C

The TMJ allows which two primary movements?

A. Flexion and extension

B. Rotation and translation

C. Abduction and adduction

D. Elevation and depression

B

Which structure separates the mandibular condyle from the mandibular fossa?

A. Capsule

B. Articular disc

C. Synovial membrane

D. Ligament

B

Which of the following is considered a functional behavior of the TMJ?

A. Bruxism

B. Clenching

C. Chewing

D. Tardive dyskinesia

C

Which of the following is a parafunctional behavior?

A. Talking

B. Chewing

C. Swallowing

D. Bruxism

D

Which nerve innervates the masticatory muscles?

A. Facial nerve (CN VII)

B. Mandibular nerve (V3)

C. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

D. Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

B

Which muscle primarily elevates the mandible?

A. Digastric

B. Masseter

C. Lateral pterygoid

D. Buccinator

B

Which muscle assists with protrusion of the mandible?

A. Lateral pterygoid

B. Temporalis

C. Digastric

D. Sternocleidomastoid

A

Which movement occurs between the condyle and inferior surface of the disc?

A. Translation

B. Rotation

C. Protrusion

D. Deviation

B

Which movement occurs between the superior surface of the disc and mandibular fossa?

A. Rotation

B. Translation

C. Retraction

D. Depression

B

Which behavior is considered parafunctional and can contribute to TMJ dysfunction?

A. Talking

B. Chewing

C. Bruxism

D. Swallowing

C

The articular disc divides the TMJ into which two spaces?

A. Anterior and posterior

B. Superior and inferior

C. Medial and lateral

D. Internal and external

B

Which muscle helps retrude the mandible?

A. Temporalis

B. Lateral pterygoid

C. Digastric

D. Masseter

A

Which muscle depresses (opens) the mandible?

A. Masseter

B. Temporalis

C. Digastric

D. Medial pterygoid

C

Which parafunctional habit is most associated with TMJ dysfunction?

A. Talking

B. Chewing

C. Bruxism

D. Swallowing

C