Chapter 27: New Frontiers and a Great Society, 1960-1968

What was the New Frontier?

The New Frontier was a proposed domestic program championed by the incoming Kennedy administration in 1961.

What were the goals of the New Frontier program?

The goals of the New Frontier jump-start the economy and trigger social progress.

Bay of Pigs (1961)

The Bay of Pigs was a failed CIA operation that deployed Cuban rebels to overthrow Fidel Castro's Communist regime.

What was the Berlin Wall?

The Berlin Wall was a wall constructed in 1961 by East German authorities.

How long was the Berlin Wall?

The Berlin Wall was twenty-seven miles long.

Why was the Berlin Wall constructed?

The Berlin Wall was constructed to stop the flow of East Germans fleeing to West Berlin.

What year did the Cuban missile crisis occur?

The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in 1962

What sparked the Cuban missile crisis?

The Cuban Missile Crisis was sparked by the discovery of Soviet missile sites in Cuba

How long did the Cuban missile crisis last?

The Cuban Missile Crisis lasted thirteen days

What was significant about the Cuban missile crisis in terms of global conflict?

The Cuban Missile Crisis is significant as it was the closest the world has come to nuclear war since 1945

What does SNCC stand for?

SNCC stands for Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

When was the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) formed?

SNCC was formed in 1960

What was the goal of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)?

SNCC's main goal was intensifying the effort to end racial segregation.

Who were the Freedom Riders?

Freedom Riders were activists who traveled by bus through the South to test federal court rulings that banned segregation.

When did the Freedom Riders begin their activism?

Freedom Riders began their activism in 1961

What was the purpose of the Freedom Riders' bus trips?

The purpose of the Freedom Riders' bus trips was to test federal court rulings that banned segregation on buses and trains.

Nonviolent civil disobedience

The tactic of defying unjust laws through peaceful actions championed by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

What year did the March on Washington take place?

The March on Washington took place in 1963

What was the March on Washington?

The March on Washington was a civil rights demonstration

Where did the March on Washington occur?

The March on Washington was the National Mall

Who gave the famous 'I Have a Dream' speech during the March on Washington?

Martin Luther King Jr gave the famous speech.

What was the Black Power movement?

The Black Power movement was a militant form of civil rights protest focused on urban communities in the North.

What did the Black Power movement emerge in response to?

The Black Power movement emerged in response to impatience with the nonviolent tactics of Martin Luther King Jr.

What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was legislation that outlawed discrimination in public accommodations and employment.

Who urged the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

President Lyndon B. Johnson urged the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

What was the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964?

The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 was legislation in President Johnson's War on Poverty.

What did the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 create?

The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 created the Office of Economic Opportunity.

What program aimed at low-income college students was established by the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964?

What program aimed at low-income college students was the work-study financial-aid program.

What is Head Start?

Head Start is a program created by the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964.

Who coined the term 'Great Society'?

President Lyndon B. Johnson coined the term "Great Society"

In what year did Lyndon B. Johnson introduce the term 'Great Society'?

Lyndon B. Johnson introduced the term "Great Society" in 1965, during his State of the Union Address

What were the main focuses of the Great Society legislation?

The main focuses of the Great Society legislation were voting rights, poverty, disease, education, immigration and the environment

Medicare (1965)

Medicare is a health-care program designed to aid the elderly as part of President Johnson's Great Society initiative.

Medicaid (1965)

Medicaid is a health-care program designed to aid the disadvantaged as part of President Johnson's Great Society initiative.

What legislation abolished discriminatory quotas based upon immigrants' national origin?

Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965 abolished discriminatory quotas based upon immigrants' national origin

What did the Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965 promote?

The Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965 treated all nationalities and races equally.

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Legislation ensuring that all Americans were able to vote; ended literacy tests and other means of restricting voting rights.

What year was the Tonkin Gulf Resolution passed?

The Tonkin Gulf Resolution was passed in 1964

What did the Tonkin Gulf Resolution grant the president?

The Tonkin Gulf Resolution granted unlimited authority to defend U.S. forces abroad

What event prompted the Tonkin Gulf Resolution?

An allegedly unprovoked attack on American warships off the coast of North Vietnam prompted the Tonkin Gulf Resolution

What was the Tet Offensive?

The Tet offensive was a surprise attack by Viet Cong guerrillas and the North Vietnamese army on U.S. and South Vietnamese forces.

In what year did the Tet Offensive occur?

The Tet offensive occurred in 1968

What was the impact of the Tet Offensive on American public opinion?

The Tet Offensive shocked the American public and led to widespread sentiment against the war.

What was the Chicago Democratic National Convention?

The Chicago Democratic National Convention presidential convention in 1968 where the Democratic Party nominated its presidential candidate.

What significant social issues were highlighted during the Chicago Democratic National Convention in 1968?

Social unrest over the Vietnam War and the civil rights movement were highlighted at the Chicago Democratic National Convention in 1968

Who was ultimately nominated as the presidential candidate for the Democratic Party at the 1968 convention?

Hubert H. Humphrey was nominated as the presidential candidate for the Democratic Party at the 1968 convention

What event occurred between student protesters and the Chicago police during the 1968 convention?

Violent clashes occurred between student protesters and the Chicago police during the 1968 convention

Who popularized the term 'silent majority'?

President Richard Nixon popularized it

What does the term 'silent majority' refer to?

"Silent Majority" refers to a great majority of American voters who did not express their political opinions publicly.

What is another term used to describe the 'silent majority'?

'The non-demonstrators.' was used to describe the 'silent majority'