System Analysis Basics and Definitions Flashcards

Systems Analysis

A process of collecting and interpreting facts, identifying problems, and decomposing a system into its components.

Systems Design

A process of planning a new business system or replacing an existing system by defining its components to satisfy specific requirements.

System Constraints

Fundamental limitations that must be considered in a system: structure and behavior, interconnectivity of components, and priority of organizational objectives.

Properties of a System

Characteristics of a system such as organization, interaction, interdependence, integration, and a central objective.

Feedback

Information that provides control in a dynamic system; includes positive feedback (encouragement) and negative feedback (information for action).

Elements of a System

Key components of a system including input, process, output, control, environment, boundaries, and interfaces.

Open System

A system that interacts with its environment, receiving inputs and delivering outputs.

Closed System

A system that does not interact with its environment and is isolated from external influences.

Adaptive System

A system that responds to environmental changes to improve performance and survive.

Non-Adaptive System

A system that does not respond to the environment.

Deterministic System

A system that operates in a predictable manner with known interactions among components.

Probabilistic System

A system that exhibits uncertain behavior and unpredictable outcomes.

Formal Information System

An information system primarily based on structured flows of information within an organization.

Informal Information System

An employee-based information system that addresses day-to-day work-related problems.

Computer-Based System

A system that relies on computer technology to manage business applications.

Schematic Model

A 2-D chart that represents system elements and their linkages through various flows.

Dynamic System Model

A model that depicts the ongoing, constantly changing status of a system.

Strategic Information

Information required for long-term planning and policies, typically utilized by upper management.

Managerial Information

Information needed for short to intermediate planning, important for middle management.

Operational Information

Information required for daily operations and short-term planning, utilized by lower management.