Terms - HART Midterm

Cyclopean masonry

Type of building that used large stones, limestone boulders; exemplified by Mycenae with its large walls.

Ashlar Masonry

Stone construction of uniform and small stones, used in structures like the Treasury of Atreus.

Tholos tomb

Beehive tomb; burial sites characterized by false domes, such as the Treasury of Atreus.

Megaron

The great hall of Mycenaean architecture that supported the hearth, as seen in the Palace of Knossos.

Wanax

Title used for a king or military leader, famously used for Agamemnon during the Mycenaean late Bronze Age.

Peristyle/peripteral

A row of columns surrounding a space within a building, like the Temple of Artemis.

Cella/naos

The inner chamber of an ancient Greek or Roman temple, containing the deity's statue.

Pediment

The triangular upper part of the front of a classical building, typically surmounting a portico of columns.

Frieze

A horizontal band of decoration that runs above columns and below the roofline.

Doric Order

Type of column that is shorter and simpler.

Ionic Order

Type of column that is taller, slender, and more intricate with flutes.

Triglyphs

Tablets in a Doric frieze with three vertical grooves.

Metope

The square space between triglyphs on a Doric frieze.

Apotropaic

Having the power to avert evil influences or bad luck.

Horror vacui

The fear of empty space, evident in geometric vases like the Dipylon amphora.

Kore

Sculptures of women in Archaic times, typically clothed, depicting young women and girls.

Kouros

Archaic sculpture of men.

Archaic smile

A slight upturned smile that signified vitality, part of the naturalist transition.