Vulnerability and Types of Hazards - DRRR 3Q

Physical vulnerability

May be determined by aspects such as population density levels, remoteness of a settlement, the site, design and materials use for critical infrastructure.

Environmental vulnerability

Natural resource depletion and resource degradation are key aspects of this vulnerability.

Social vulnerability

Refers to the inability of people, organizations and societies to withstand adverse impacts to hazards due to characteristics inherent in social interactions, institutions and systems of cultural values.

Economic vulnerability

The level of vulnerability is highly dependent upon the economic status of individuals, communities, and nations. The poor are usually more vulnerable to disasters because they lack the resources to build sturdy structures.

Natural Hazard

Arise from purely natural processes in the environment (ex. earthquakes, volcanic eruption).

Technological/Man-made Hazard

Arise directly as a result of human activities (ex. toxicity of pesticides, chemical leak).

Quasi-natural hazards

Arise through the interaction of natural processes and human activities (ex. smog, desertification, acid rain).

Hydrologic

- Floods (river, coastal)

- Wave action

- Drought

- Rapid glacier advance

Biologic

- Epidemic in humans

- Epidemic in plants

- Epidemic in animals

- Locusts

Man-made

- Transportation accident

- Industrial explosions and fire

- Accidental release of toxic elements

- Nuclear accidents

- Cyber terrorism

- Collapse of public buildings

- Computer virus

Geologic

- Earthquakes (ground rupture, ground shaking, tsunami, liquefaction, etc)

- Volcanic Eruption

- Rapid sediment movement

- Mass Wasting (landslide, mudflow, avalanche)

- Sinkhole formation

Atmospheric

- Typhoons/hurricanes

- Thunderstorms

- Excessive rainfall, heavy snowfall, hail

- Tornadoes

- Blizzards

- Extreme temperature, high wind speed

Physical; Psychological; Socio-cultural; Economic; Environmental; Biological

Enumerate six (6) impacts of hazards on people and environment: