Reproductive System Study guide

seminal vesicles

below the bladder and above the prostate gland; stores and produces fluids that make up 50-80% of semen

prostate

urethra; gland that produces a fluid that carries sperm during ejaculation

vas deferens

the tube through which sperm travel during ejaculation

circumcision

the foreskin is removed which exposes the end of the penis

female sex chromosomes

XX

male sex chromosomes

XY

pairs of chromosomes in sperms and eggs

23

FSH in males

stimulates the production of sperm

FSH in females

helps control the menstrual cycle

vulva

area outside of genitals

hormones released by ovaries

estrogen and progesterone

cervix

it protrudes into the vagina and it maintains an environment for accepting a fertilized egg

first menstrual cycle

menarche

last menstrual cycle

menopause

day 1 of menstrual cycle

the day a female starts to bleed

ovulation day

11-14th day of a female's menstrual cycle

average menstrual cycle length

28 days

fertilization location

fallopian tube

fertilization time frame

an egg can be fertilized up to 12-24 hours after ovulation

fertilized egg

now called a zygote

implantation

protects against pregnancy for up to three years; occurs under the skin of the upper arms

embryo

unborn child until the end of the seventh week

fetus

the embryo at the 8th week

stages of labor

first trimester, second trimester, third trimester

placenta function

supplies nutrients to the fetus during pregnancy

afterbirth

the placenta and fetal membranes that are expelled after delivery

amniotic sac

a sac filled with amniotic fluid

Epididymis

l

Prostate

n

Testis

k

Urethra

e

Fallopian Tube

2

Ovary

1

Uterus

3

Vagina

5