Russian Revolution

Bolsheviks

Bolsheviks

A faction in the Russian Social Democrats led by Lenin that wanted to destroy the capitalist society with communism-Led the thought-out November Revolution to have a violent takeover of the Provisonal Government

Communism/Communists

A political and economic theory to divide wealth evenly and that having workers in charge would result in a happy society

1- Factories would creates tools

2-Tools are given to farms for food

3-Food is given to the people

-No one would own any property, and no social classes

Communist Manifesto

Written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, introduced the concept of Communism

Collectives

During Stalin’s Rule- Private Farms were taken by government to attempt increased production;Resulted in resistance and was massive failure

Cult of Personality

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Czar Nicholas II

Last Russian Czar; A weak and influenced leader that was a cause of the revolution- Political corruption, weak leadership

Duma

Legislative body created by Czar to attempt making the people happy-Fails; Transitions into the Provisional Government and takes over Czar

5 Year Plans

Stalin’s goal to establish Pure Communism and push the nation to industrialize- Set up a Command Economy but failed due to resistance from collectives- 3 in total

Pros:

• x5 Coal Production

• Eliminated unemployment

• More efficient working class

• Increase Crop Production

• The USSR is much more powerful (x5.8 larger industrial capacity)

• 2nd most industrial nation in the world

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Cons:

• Famine kills 7 million

• Did not reach all goals (Steel is lacking)

• Soviets kill Kulaks

• Collectivization is a failure

• Livestock population drops

Great Purge

Stalin’s method to remove any resistance to his power or beliefs- The use of Gulags led to increased production (~8 million sent to camps)

Use of Moscow Show Trials to prove guilt to those already punished-about 2 million prosecuted

Gulag

Labour camps Stalin created for punishment (Will add more information after doing HW)

Joseph Stalin

Leader of the Soviet Union after Lenin- Used fear and power to stay in rule

Leon Trotsky

Brains of the Russian Revolution with Bolsheviks; the main rival to Stalin

Life under Soviet rule

strict government control, censorship, limited personal freedoms, a planned economy, and a pervasive secret police force.

• Miserable Working Conditions and lowered wages

March Revolution

First Russian Revolution led by Women- Takes down the Czar and creates Provisional Government

New Economic Plan (NEP)

Lenins method to improve the failing Soviet economy-Modified version of capitalism to give more economic rights to people

November Revolution

Revolution led by Bolsheviks that used the support of the people to take over the Provisional Government → Violent but very effective

Provisional Government

Government created after Czar falls

Fail because they stay in WWI

• Upset the people and allowed Bolsheviks to take control

Rasputin

Peasant who used his calling from God to enter his way into the Romanov Family→ Showed Corruption in the Royal Family

Causes of Revolution

• Land Shortages

• Food/Fuel Shortages

• WWI→ Its overall failure for Russia

• Political Corruption

• Worker Protests

• Soviets forming

Romanov Family

Royal Family of Russia becuase their collapse

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of the Bolshevik Party and supported Marxism

• Created the Soviet Union

• Created NEP

• Dies very early-Fight for who will take his spot