Lesson 1.3. Overview of Epidemic Surveillance in the Philippines

Epidemic Surveillance

systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data for early warning and rapid detection of disease outbreaks

preventing and controlling infectious diseases

Importance of epidemic surveillance

1972

when was Philippine Epidemiological Surveillance System (PESS) established by DOH

Philippine Epidemiological Surveillance System (PESS)

Centralized system for disease surveillance and outbreak investigation and plays a crucial role in monitoring disease trends, identifying outbreaks, and implementing timely and appropriate public health interventions

data collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination

four interrelated components of PESS framework

outbreaks

Objectives of PESS framework:

1. detecting ___________ early

2. characterizing __________

3. guiding public health __________

1 = ?

disease trends

Objectives of PESS framework:

1. detecting ___________ early

2. characterizing __________

3. guiding public health __________

2 = ?

interventions

Objectives of PESS framework:

1. detecting ___________ early

2. characterizing __________

3. guiding public health __________

3 = ?

Passive Surveillance

relies on the spontaneous reporting of cases by healthcare providers and laboratories

mandatory disease reporting and notifiable disease surveillance

ex of passive surveillance

underreporting, reporting delays, and incomplete data

Limitations of passive surveillance

Active Surveillance

involves the systematic collection of data through regular visits to healthcare facilities, schools, and other institutions

sentinel surveillance and community-based surveillance

Examples of active surveillance

Active surveillance

provide more complete and timely data than passive surveillance, but may be more resource-intensive

Outbreak Investigation

• systematic approach to investigating and controlling the spread of infectious diseases

• involve identifying the source of the outbreak, determining the extent of the outbreak, and implementing control measures to prevent further spread

Laboratory Capacity

• Laboratory testing plays a crucial role in disease surveillance and outbreak investigation

• DOH has invested in strengthening laboratory capacity, including establishing the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM)

Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM)

key player in disease surveillance, providing diagnostic and reference laboratory services for infectious diseases

Public Health Interventions

implemented by DOH to prevent and control infectious diseases which are guided by data collection through the PESS framework

examples of public health interventions

vaccination campaigns, outbreak response, contact tracing, and quarantine measures

resources and funding

Challenges in Epidemic Surveillance

1. Lack of __________

2. _________ laboratory capacity and diagnostic tools

3. _________ disease reporting and surveillance systems

4. Privacy ___________________________

1 = ?

limited

Challenges in Epidemic Surveillance

1. Lack of __________

2. _________ laboratory capacity and diagnostic tools

3. _________ disease reporting and surveillance systems

4. Privacy ___________________________

2 = ?

inadequate

Challenges in Epidemic Surveillance

1. Lack of __________

2. _________ laboratory capacity and diagnostic tools

3. _________ disease reporting and surveillance systems

4. Privacy ___________________________

3 = ?

concerns and ethical considerations

Challenges in Epidemic Surveillance

1. Lack of __________

2. _________ laboratory capacity and diagnostic tools

3. _________ disease reporting and surveillance systems

4. Privacy ___________________________

4 = ?

Funding and Resource Allocation

DOH has increased funding for disease surveillance in recent years, but more resources are needed to strengthen the system

underreporting

Disease Reporting and Surveillance Systems:

1. Inadequate disease reporting and surveillance systems can lead to __________________ and delays in outbreak detection.

2. The DOH is implementing an ___________________________ to improve disease reporting and surveillance.

1 = ?

electronic disease reporting system

Disease Reporting and Surveillance Systems:

1. Inadequate disease reporting and surveillance systems can lead to __________________ and delays in outbreak detection.

2. The DOH is implementing an ___________________________ to improve disease reporting and surveillance.

2 = ?

Privacy concerns and ethical considerations

Privacy Concerns and Ethical Considerations:

1. _________________________________ are important in disease surveillance and outbreak response.

2. The _____________________________ guides protecting personal information in disease surveillance and response

1 = ?

National Privacy Commission

Privacy Concerns and Ethical Considerations:

1. _________________________________ are important in disease surveillance and outbreak response.

2. The _____________________________ guides protecting personal information in disease surveillance and response

2 = ?

mobile phone-based

Innovations in Disease Reporting:

1. Innovative approaches to disease reporting, such as __________________ reporting and social media monitoring, are being explored in the Philippines.

1 = ?

disease surveillance and outbreak response

Collaborations and Partnerships

1. Collaboration and partnerships are essential in _________________________.

2. The DOH works with ___________, including other government agencies, international organizations, and academic institutions, to strengthen disease surveillance and response.

1 = ?

various partners

Collaborations and Partnerships

1. Collaboration and partnerships are essential in _________________________.

2. The DOH works with ___________, including other government agencies, international organizations, and academic institutions, to strengthen disease surveillance and response.

2 = ?

prevent and control

International Health Regulations (IHR):

1. The IHR is a set of regulations developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to _____________ the spread of infectious diseases across borders

2. The Philippines has committed to implementing the IHR, which includes ___________ disease surveillance and response capacity.

1 = ?

strengthening

International Health Regulations (IHR):

1. The IHR is a set of regulations developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to _____________ the spread of infectious diseases across borders

2. The Philippines has committed to implementing the IHR, which includes ___________ disease surveillance and response capacity.

2 = ?

epidemic surveillance and response

COVID-19 Pandemic

1. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of ________________________.

2. The DOH has implemented various measures to control the spread of COVID-19, including _____________________________________.

1 = ?

testing, contact tracing, and quarantine measures

COVID-19 Pandemic

1. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of ________________________.

2. The DOH has implemented various measures to control the spread of COVID-19, including _____________________________________.

2 = ?

case-based surveillance, sentinel surveillance, and community-based surveillance

COVID-19 Surveillance

1. The DOH has established a comprehensive COVID-19 surveillance system, including _______________________________________.

2. Data from the COVID-19 surveillance system is used to guide ________________________________________.

1 = ?

public health interventions and response efforts

COVID-19 Surveillance

1. The DOH has established a comprehensive COVID-19 surveillance system, including _______________________________________.

2. Data from the COVID-19 surveillance system is used to guide ________________________________________.

2 = ?

stronger disease surveillance and response capacity

Lessons Learned from COVID-19

1. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for ____________________________.

laboratory capacity and diagnostic tools

The DOH has identified several priorities for strengthening disease surveillance and response in the Philippines, including:

1. Enhancing ___________________________

2. Improving disease _____________________

3. Strengthening _________________________

4. Investing in _____________________

1 = ?

reporting and surveillance systems

The DOH has identified several priorities for strengthening disease surveillance and response in the Philippines, including:

1. Enhancing ___________________________

2. Improving disease _____________________

3. 2Strengthening _________________________

4. Investing in _____________________

2 = ?

partnerships and collaborations

The DOH has identified several priorities for strengthening disease surveillance and response in the Philippines, including:

1. Enhancing ___________________________

2. Improving disease _____________________

3. Strengthening _________________________

4. Investing in _____________________

3 = ?

research and innovation

The DOH has identified several priorities for strengthening disease surveillance and response in the Philippines, including:

1. Enhancing ___________________________

2. Improving disease _____________________

3. Strengthening _________________________

4. Investing in _____________________

4 = ?