Charles II

When did Charles II die?

1685

When was the act of uniformity?

1662

When was the five mile act?

1665

What was the five mile act?

Ministers who had been ejected prevented from living within 5 miles of the place they served

When was the Conventicle act?

1664

What was the conventicle act?

Banning any group meeting for religious services unauthorised by the COFE

What was the triennial act and when was it passed?

Parliament had to be called every 3 years passed in 1641

When was the Test Act passed?

1673

What was the Test Act?

Anyone who wanted to work in public office had to take the oath and the sacrament in the COFE

When were the whig majority’s won?

1679/1681

What did the Whig majority’s mean?

Exclusion of James had widespread support

Anti-catholic sentiment

When did James duke of York become openly catholic?

1668

How did people find out JDOY was a catholic ?

Stopped attending Anglican services 1673

Left office after test act passed in 1673

Openly catholic 1668

Married a Italian catholic princess Mary Moderna

When was the Treaty of Dover signed?

June 1670

What were the terms of the treaty of Dover?

Agreement between France and England that

England would support France’s policy’s in Europe

Charles would receive money in return to be financially independent from parliament

secret clause stating Charles II would have to convert to Catholicism

First exclusion bill passed?

15th May 1679

Second exclusion bill passed?

November 1680

Third exclusion bill passed?

March 1681

Why did Charles summon the Oxford parliament in the first place?

To remove the influence of radicalism during the 3rd exclusion bill

When was the Rye house plot?

June 1683

When was the Popish plot?

July 1678-1681

Who was the Earl of Shaftesbury?

Protestant Whig MP Headed the exclusion bills against James DOY

What did the exclusion bills propose?

Exclude James

Accept James as king hope he dies as already 45

Legitimise Charles bastards

Persuade Charles to remarry

Why did Charles II want influence over the boroughs?

To remove threat of another civil war and be able to control the whigs by replacing them with Tory’s in order to influence more favourable outcomes in parliament

Who was the Earl of Danby?

Chief minister to Charles II 1673

Who was Titus Oates?

English preist who fabricated popish plot

Who was John Reresby?

influential Protestant MP

against Catholicism and Involved in exclusion as pointed the finger at James for the Popish plot

What did Reresby do during Charles II reign?

Returned 1660

High sheriff of Yorkshire

Took seat in parliament April 1675

moderately active member of exclusion

Spoke in favour of hugenought refugees

What happened to Reresby after Charles death?

Nov 1688 placed under arrest when James came to power

Was Reresby against Catholicism? Examples

Reresby was against Catholicism

involvement in exclusion crisis = arrested by James 1688

Didn’t like the revolutionary settlement as brought over 4000 paptists as many as James II army

When did Reresby die?

1689 May

Why was Titus Oates given credibility on his claims of Popery?

1605 gun powder plot

Fire of London 1666 = catholics seen to be back

General anti-catholic sentiment

Edward Coleman was found guilty - treasonable contact with the French secretary of French king

What did Oates claims lead to?

test acts

1673/8 no catholics could serve in parliament

Who questioned Oates?

Judge Scrogs

1681

Declared many accused were innocent

Who was Gilbert Burnet?

Churchman In the Anglican Church

Writer and historian

History of my time written between the years 1663-1715

what time periods was History of my own time written?

As the source was written over the course of these monarchs and events

Charles II 1660-1685

James II catholic 1685-1688

Glorious revolution 1688

William and Mary 1689-1702

Anne II 1702-1714

What does this mean on the writings of Gilbert burnet?

He had over 40 years to adapt these to what sounded best as well as the knowledge of hindsight and would have disliked James due to his Catholicism

What did Charles do on his death bed?

Convert to Catholicism

What did Shaftesbury do in response to the dissolution of London parliament in 1681?

Marched on the Oxford parliament armed

Quickly retreated

Why did the Exclusion fail?

Charles was involved in discussions with lords and therefore was able to dissolve parliament when he wished = no ability to discuss the exclusion

Could prorogue parliament = powers of dispensation

Financially independent due to Treaty of Dover June 1670

whigs had majority only in commons not Lords

Lords were loyal to Charles

Whigs divided over who should succeed If not James

Charles reasonable agreed to limit powers of James II created a bill for this

Why was Charles forced to passed the test act 1673 ?

Needed money 1674 had to call parliament

What were the terms of the declaration of Breda 1660?

Addressed fears of nation on restoration of a king

how powerful was Charles II during the years 1681-1685?

No need to call parliament as was financially independent

removed opponents in boroughs

Was Charles II and absolutist?

Power to rule without parliament

Could argue dissolution of parliaments = absolutist tendency

Manipulation of boroughs to win favourable outcomes

Aid from France an absolutist monarchy on continent treaty of Dover 1670 June

Manipulation of judiciary

Popish plots allowed for more power and monarchs advantage when prosecuting