Edexcel AS Chemistry Reactions Organic

Alkane to Halogenoalkane

Radical substitution: Halogen and UV light

Alkene to Alkane

Hydrogen gas, Nickel catalyst and 150°C

Alkene to Dihalogenoalkane

Halogen, room temperature

Alkene to Alcohol

Steam, phosphoric (v) acid catalyst, 300°C and 60-70 atm

Oxidation of Alkenes to diol

Shake in H+/Potassium manganate solution, purple solution decolourised and diol formed

Alkene to Halogenoalkane

Hydrogen halide and 20°C

Halogenoalkane to Alcohol

Reflux with warm aqueous KOH

Halogenoalkane to Alkene

Reflux with KOH in ethanol

Alcohol to Chloroalkane

PCl5 and 20°C. Or Concentrated HCl if tertiary.

Alcohol to Bromoalkane

KBr, 50% conc H2SO4 and 20°C or phosphorus (V) bromide or phosphorus (III) bromide

Alcohol to Iodoalkane

Red phosphorus and iodine

Alcohol to Alkene

Concentrated phosphoric (v) acid

Primary alcohol to Aldehyde

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, heat and distil

Primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

Excess K2Cr2O7, H2SO4 and heat under reflux

Secondary alcohol to Ketone

Excess K2Cr2O7, H2SO4 and heat under reflux