Korean Sentence Structures

i-sseo-yo

→ Sigan-i i-sseo-yo

To exist/to have/I have (Core existence & state verbs)

→ I have time

Nugga

Who

Before verb or adjective, used for who is doing something “who is sleeping? Nugq ja” “Who is pretty? Nuga yaebbeo?”

_shi-reo-hae

I don’t like_

_gosipo

→ Meokgosipo

I want to_

→ Eat I want to

Nugu

Who

Used when someone is receiving the action. “Who (is) do you like? Nugu joahe?” “Who are you? Neo nuguya?”

eop-seo-yo

→ Don-i eop-seo-yo

To not exist/to not have/don’t have/can not have (Core existence & state verbs)

→ don’t have money

Eo-tteo-ka ara-sseo

How did you know?

Ba-bba-yo

Are you busy?

Eopda

To not have/there is not

Gwaen-chan-a-yo

→ Na-neun gwaen-chan-a-yo

To be okay/fine (state / condition verbs)

→ I’m okay

piryo-hae-yo

→ Sigan-i piryo-hae-yo

To need/to be needed (state / condition verbs)

→ I need time

him-deul-eo-yo

→ Il-i him-deul-eo-yo

To be hard/tiring/something is hard (state / condition verbs)

→ Work is hard

swi-eo-wo-yo

→ I geo-ga swi-eo-wo-yo

To be easy/something is easy (state / condition verbs)

→ This is easy

jo-a-yo

Nalssi-ga jo-a-yo

to be good/to like something (Emotional / internal state verbs)

→ The weather is good

silh-eo-yo

→ Bureun-i silh-eo-yo

To dislike something (Emotional / internal state verbs)

→ I don’t like noise

jo-a-hae-yo

→ Geu saram-eul jo-a-hae-yo

To like (people/activities) (Emotional / internal state verbs)

→ I like that person/him/her

Ma-na-yo

→ Il-i ma-na-yo

To have a lot/to be many (Quantity & degree)

→ I have a lot of work

jeok-eo-yo

→ Sigani jeok-eo-yo

To be few/little (Quantity & degree)

→ I don’t have much time

neul-eo-yo

→ Il-i neul-eo-yo

To increase (Quantity & degree)

→ Work is increasing

nop-a-yo

→ San-i nop-a-yo

To be high (Physical / visible states)

→ The mountain is high

nat-eo-yo

→ Gi-on-i nat-eo-yo

To be low (Physical / visible states)

→ The temperature is low

kkae-kkeut-hae-yo

→ Bang-i kkae-kkeut-hae-yo

To be clean (Physical / visible states)

→ The room is clean

Noun

A name of a person, place, action, thing or emotion. Doctor, running, beach, computer, kindness. A naming word.

Verb

A word to describe an action, state or occurrence. Runs, smells, became. A doing word.

Adjective

A word used to describe how something. Red, big, many, hot. A descriptive word.

-i/-ga

Subject Marker

Who or what is performing the action or is being identified

-eun/-neun

Topic Marker c/v

What is being talked about

-eul/-reul

Object Marker c/v

Used to show which noun receives a verb’s action

Noun + marker - verb (subject object verb)

Core Sentence, without modifiers

Sigan+i - isseoyo → time I have

(Time)/(Place)/(Reason) + Noun-Marker + (Degree/Adverb) + State verb

Full Sentence Structure, with modifiers

-sseo

Adding before polite particle makes it past tense

-isseo-yo → isseo-sseo-yo

jeongmal

Really

Adverb

neomu

Too

Adverb

jogeum

A little

Adverb

aju

Very

Adverb

Ga-yo

Go

Wa-yo

Come

it-da → isseo-yo

Stay

Sal-a-yo

Live

gongbu-hae-yo

Study

il-hae-yo

Work

undong-hae-yo

Exercise

unjeon-hae-yo

Drive

cheongso-hae-yo

Clean

junbi-hae-yo

Prepare

saenggak-hae-yo

Think

gireo-hae-yo

Worry

bappeu-yo

To be busy

Su

Grammar particle indicating ability or possibility “way” “method”

_ Goreulge

I’ll choose_

Polite casual

_ Golla

I’ll choose_

Casual informal

-ja

→ goja

Let’s-

→ go let’s “let’s go”