AP U.S. Government & Politics Unit 3 Review

Which of the following best describes the Supreme Court's ruling in a case of selective incorporation?

Cities may not prohibit the individual ownership of firearms.

Which of the following provisions in the First Amendment was the basis for the lawsuit described?

Free exercise clause

Which of the following best explains why the court ruled differently in Lynch v. Donnelly than it did in Engel v. Vitale (1962)?

Taken as a whole, the holiday display did not advance or endorse a particular religion.

The cartoon expresses which of the following viewpoints?

The First Amendment protects offensive speech.

In 2017, several players in the National Football League kneeled during the national anthem to draw the public's attention to racial inequality. President Trump responded to the protest with a statement that NFL owners should fire players who engage in such protests. Which of the following best describes how this issue relates to constitutional rights?

This is not a free speech issue under the First Amendment because the NFL is a private organization.

Which of the following best describes the exclusionary rule?

Evidence obtained by authorities without a valid warrant is inadmissible in court.

The First Amendment does not protect which of the following types of speech?

Speech that disturbs the peace, in violation of reasonable local regulations

The right to remain silent and to have a lawyer present during questioning are examples of:

Procedural due process

In the 1990s, several state legislatures passed "three-strikes" laws mandating that defendants convicted of a third serious offense be sentenced to twenty years or more in prison. Which of the following is the best constitutional argument against three-strikes laws?

They violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment because defendants with three convictions are not treated the same as defendants with fewer convictions.

The cartoon refers to civil liberties provided in the

Fourth Amendment

A female college professor at a public university believes she was not granted tenure because of her gender. Which of the following is the best legal basis for her claim against the university?

The Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause

Which of the following is a reason why civil rights activists might advocate for legislation, instead of filing lawsuits through the judicial system?

The judiciary lacks the power to implement its decisions.

Those who supported the busing plan relied on which of the following as part of their legal argument?

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

According to the quotation, which of the following best explains the Supreme Court's decision to overturn the busing plan?

Suburban school districts did not engage in race discrimination.

Select the answer where both columns correctly identify a civil right and a civil liberty.

Equality for women in education > Right to privacy

The map supports which of the following statements?

In 2019, the percentage of African American students in intensely segregated schools was highest in the South.

Which of the following best describes a trend shown in the bar chart?

From 2001 to 2019, Congress became more ethnically diverse.

Which of the following most directly impacted the trends shown in the bar chart?

Voting Rights Act of 1965

The quote from King advocates for which of the following tactics?

Civil disobedience

The mandatory retirement age for most officers in the military is sixty-two.4 If a military officer brought a lawsuit challenging the retirement rule, what standard would the court use in determining whether or not to uphold the rule?

compelling interest test