Lesson 1.3: Body Positions, and Abdominal Regions

Supine

when lying on back, face upward

Prone

when lying on abdomen, face downward (head may be turned to one side)

Erect

upright, to stand or sit erect

recumbent

when lying down on every position (prone, supine, or on side)

Trendelenburg

A recumbent position with the body tilted with the head lower than the feet

Fowler’s

A recumbent position with the body tilted with the head higher than the feet.

Sims’ position

A recumbent oblique position with the patient lying on the left anterior side, with the right knee and thigh flexed and the left arm extended down behind the back

Modified sims’ position

used for insertion of the rectal tube for barium enema

Lithotomy

A recumbent (supine) position with knees and hip flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally, supported by ankle supports

Decubitus

1. lying on one of the following body surfaces: back (dorsal), front (ventral), or side (right or left lateral).

• The only difference to other positions is that there is a central ray of an x-ray beam present

Left Lateral Decubitus position (Anteroposterior Projection)

Right Lateral Decubitus position (Posteroanterior Projection)

Dorsal Decubitus Position (Left Lateral Projection)

Ventral Decubitus Position (Right Lateral Projection)

Plantar Surface

Refers to the sole of the feet

Dorsal Surface

Refers to the top or anterior of surface of the foot (dorsum pedis)

Dorsal

also refers to the back or posterior aspect of the hand (dorsum manus)

Palmar

refers to the palm of the hand; in the anatomic position, the same as the anterior or ventral surface of the hand

Head, Trunk, Neck

The central region of the body consists of the

Central Region

The head, trunk and neck is what?

Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis

The trunk can be divided into three:

Thorax

is the chest cavity where the heart and lungs are located

Abdomen

contains organs such as the liver, stomach, and intestines.

Pelvis

contains the bladder and reproductive organs.

Arm Forearm Wrist Hand

The upper limb is divided into four

Upper limb

Arm forearm wrist and hand is what?

Arm

extends from the shoulder to the elbow,

Thigh Leg Ankle Foot

The lower limb is divided into the

Thigh

extends from the hip to the knee

Leg

extends from the knee to the ankle

Quadrants

The abdomen is often subdivided superficially into ___ by two imaginary lines—one horizontal and one vertical—that intersect at the navel

Right Upper Quadrant, Left Upper Quadrant, Right Lower Quadrant, Left Lower Quadrant

The 4 abdominal quadrants

Right hypochondriac region, Epigastric Region, Left hypochondriac region, Right lumbar region, Umbilical region, Left lumbar region, Right iliac region, hypogastric region, left iliac region

The 9 abdominal regions

Right upper quadrant, Right hypochondriac region and epigastric region

In which quadrant and region is the liver primarily located

Right lower quadrant, Left iliac region

The appendix is a landmark for which abdominal quadrant and region

Spleen

Which organ is the primary occupant of the Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)

Sigmoid colon

Which of the following is found in the Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

Right Upper quadrant, right hypochondriac region

The gallbladder is found in the

Appendicitis

A patient with pain in the Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) may be suspected of having

left upper quadrant

Where is the stomach primarily located in the quadrant system

Left upper Quadrant, Right upper Quadrant

The tail of the pancreas is found in the ______, while the head is in the ______

Right upper quadrant, Right lumbar region

The right kidney is located in the

Umbilical Region

Which region is located in the exact center of the abdomen, surrounding the navel?

Epigastric Region

The region located immediately superior to the umbilical region is the

Pubic

The "Hypogastric" region is also commonly known as the ______ region.

Hypochondriac regions

Which regions are located laterally (to the left and right) of the Epigastric region

Right iliac region

The region located in the lower right "corner" of the abdominal grid is the:

Cartilage

The term "Chondros" in Hypochondriac refers to

Lumbar regions

Which regions are located laterally to the Umbilical region?

Sagittal

The two vertical lines used to divide the 9 regions are called the ______ lines

Transtubercular

The lower horizontal line that helps define the 9 regions is called the ______ line

Epigastric Region

In which region would you find the majority of the stomach?

Right iliac region

The Appendix is located in the ______ region

Hypogastric region

The Urinary Bladder (when full) is located in the ______ region.

Right hypochondriac region

The Liver is primarily located in the Epigastric and ______ regions

Left Hypochondriac

The Spleen is located in which region?

Umbilical region

Most of the Small Intestine is found in the ______ region.

Right Hypochondriac Region

The Gallbladder is tucked under the liver in the ______ region

Right lumbar region

The Ascending Colon is found in the ______ region

Left lumbar region

The Descending Colon is found in the ______ region

Right iliac region

The Cecum is located in the ______ region

Hypogastric region

In females, the Uterus is located in the ______ region.

Epigastric Region

The Pancreas is located primarily in the ______ region, behind the stomach.

Lumbar

Pain from a Kidney Stone (Renal) is often felt in the Left or Right ______ regions

Epigastric region

A patient complains of "heartburn" or acid reflux. This pain is located in the

Left iliac region

A patient has a "hernia" near the groin on the left side. This is the ______ region

Right hypochondriac region

If the gallbladder is inflamed (Cholecystitis), where would the patient feel the most pain?

left hypochondriac region

Which region contains the "tail" of the pancreas?

Iliac region

Which region is directly lateral to the Hypogastric region