Colonialism and Imperialism

These flashcards cover key concepts related to colonialism and imperialism, as well as important historical contexts and ideological underpinnings relevant to the lectures.

Colonialism

The practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

Imperialism

A policy or ideology in which a country extends its power and dominion over foreign nations or territories for economic and political gain.

Spheres of Influence

Regions where a particular country holds significant cultural, economic, military, or political power, often without direct control.

Extrateritoriality

The state of being exempt from the jurisdiction of local laws, often applied to foreign nationals after treaties.

Nationalism

A political, social, and economic system characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, particularly with the aim of gaining and maintaining sovereignty.

Commercial Revolution

An expansion of commerce and trade that took place in Europe during the late Middle Ages and led into the early modern period.

Social Darwinism

A theory that applied the concept of natural selection to social, political, and economic issues, justifying imperial expansion based on the belief that stronger nations had the right to dominate weaker ones.

White Man's Burden

A phrase used to justify imperialism by suggesting that Western nations had a moral obligation to civilize 'backward' peoples.

Mein Kampf

An autobiographical book by Adolf Hitler, outlining his political ideology and future plans for Germany.

Totalitarian Dictator

A leader who seeks to control all aspects of public and private life in a country.

The Third Reich

The period of Nazi rule in Germany from 1933 to 1945, characterized by totalitarianism, militarism, and the pursuit of racial purity.