BIO 168 Chapter 3 and 4

Chemistry and Bio

compound

substance made when two or more different elements chemically combine

synthesis reaction

Two or more reactants combined to form a single product

ph scale

Numerical scale used to measure the acidity or acidity of a solution

nitrogen

One of the major four biological elements , is a non-metal with the symbol ( N )

Cation

Positively charged ion formed when an atom loses electrons in a ionic bond

exergonic

Releases energy during the reaction

endergonic

needs energy to happen

anabolic

assembles complex molecules from simpler ones ( requires using energy )

hydrophobic

Does not mix / Dissolve in water easily

Hydrophilic

easily mixes/ dissolves in water

four major organic compounds seen in the human body

Carbohydrates, proteins ,lipids , nucleic acids

calcium

Element found in the body with the chemical symbol(Ca)

hydrogen

One of the major 4 biological elements with the chemical symbol (H)

sodium

An element found in the body with the chemical symbol(Na)

carbon

One of the major four biological elements with the chemicals symbol (C), nonmetal

magnesium

An element found in the body with a chemical symbol(Mg)

sulfur

An element found in the body with the chemical symbol(S)

oxygen

One of the four major biological elements with a symbol ( O ) , nonmetal

phosphorus

an element found in the body with the chemical symbol( P)

Chlorine

an element found in the body with the chemical symbol( Cl)

solutions

Homogeneous mixtars wear one substance called solute is completely dissolved in the solvent

Isotopes

Variations of an atom created by adding or subtracting neutrons resulting in different atomic masses

radioisotopes

high energy unstable isotopes that are radioactive

covalent bonds

type Of chemical bond formed when two atoms share pairs of electrons