socialization

Chinese school election

parents imparted the importance of the election by being heavily involved, writing speeches, arranging trips, and creating gifts, and having children work on it even when they didn’t want to.

Children reveal their own socialization by calling competitors words like rotten, dicator, gossip, a bad example, etc

Importance of family, single mother had the hardest time, police cheif had the easiest

all canidates parents had important ositions,, police cheif, producer, school administartor

teacher takes a relaxed approach in classroom to let kids sort out the election for themselves, real world experience

xiofei was given the time to be emotional and cry but the boys weren’t, told to be big boys

at the end the one with the best connections won, luo lei

the emotional experiecne of losing reinforced the importance of winning, but not receiving a consolation prize

Herzogs generalizations about primate learning

• earlier the impact more profound the effect

• play allows kids to undertsnad the behaviors expected of them and others

• we learn in the geographic niche of our social group

• most influential are peers and slightly older playmates

• prolonged length of the juvenile period creates socialization throuh play with children of greatly differing ages

• much learning occurs rapidly as result of intense emotional expereicnes

• relatively little direct teaching from adults to children

herzogs other observations

• schooling began because the work place became dangeruous for children and children endangered productivity

• schooling is necessary in industrial society to teach abilities such as reading and calcuating, and tratits such as puntuality and docility

• children in post industrial societies see less purpose in schooling as they learn much about the world through tv and are already literate, but lack a picture of the real world to understand the application of what they may learn

• reccmends open classrooms: more like foraging societies where kids have more control over their learning enviornment

• schools without walls: combinging traditional education with work studies and internships to create well rounded students

• technologized education: self pacing to learn fundamentals faster, more insturction outside the class room because mastery criteria will require performance in real settings

Rites of passage of life crisis rituals

• dramatize major evenst such as birth, coming of age, and marriage

• mark transition from one stage of social life to another

• speration-liminality-incorporation

calendrical and commemorative rites

give socially meaningful definitions to the passage of time

creates a ever-renewing cycle of days, making time appear to be a series of re-beginnings

accommpany changes in season, agricultural work, and other social activities

rites of exchange and communion

make offerings to the gods with the expectaion of receiving something in return

Rites of affliction

attempt to heal purify, or protect a person to alleviate suffering and disease caused by moral impurites or spiritual attacks

rites of feasting fasting and festivals

• public expressions of adherence to basic religous values, build social bonds, reinforce group identity

• can be a ritual inversion of the status quo

political rituals

• display and promote the power of the leader or political interests of subgroups

• use symbols to depict a group of people as sharing values and goals,

• demonstrate the legitimacy of these values by equating them with the order of the universe

melanesian yam cycle

dive from tower to ensure good harvest, could die

rite of exchange because they want to receive something in return

mexican catholic ex-votos

paintings that depict a person and a saint, and words that tell the story of how the saint helped them

made as a form of gratitude

rite of exchange because in retrun for help they create an ex-voto

Asantahene in ghana

• eligibilty for role comes from linegage, but still must be approved for role by the current asanathene

• he and the leaders of tribes are not allowed to run for state politics

• advocates for tradition through clothes, language, and political practices

• is Christians, though, and only has one wife

• able to appeal to World Bank to personally receive funds outside of the government

• is able to solve disputes between groups outside of the government’s judicial system

• wants tribal leaders to be able to have a bigger role in advocating for their communities

• Reveres the golden stool, and the importance of traditional religious leaders in politics

• Importance of not just Western education but from sitting in others royal courts