Pre-Midterm Life and Works of Rizal

These are unofficial flashcards that I mustered with my own understanding. Have fun and learn!

Jose Rizal

The National Hero of the Philippines

June 19, 1861

Date of Birth of Jose Rizal

Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

Jose Rizal’s full name

Secularization Movement

The movement that advocated for the transfer of parishes from Spanish friars to Filipino priests.

Suez Canal

• The opening of ____ in 1869 dramatically shortens travel time between the Philippines and Europe

• A man-made, sea-level waterway in Egypt that connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, providing the shortest maritime route between Europe and Asia.

Cavite Mutiny

A failed uprising by Filipino soldiers and laborers at the Spanish naval base in Cavite, Philippines, on January 20, 1872.

Gomburza

This refers to three Filipino Catholic priests who were falsely accused of subversion and executed by garrote on February 17, 1872, by Spanish colonial authorities.

Mariano Gomez
Jose Burgos

Jacinto Zamora

Enumerate the three priests that consisted Gomburza.

Franco-Prussian War

[Europe]

This event resulted in the collapse of Napoleon III’s French Empire and the unification of Germany.

Noli Me Tangere

The novel that Rizal published in 1887 that illustrated societal corruption and showing the scathing indictment of the “frailocracy” and Spanish colonial society.

The Ilustrados

• An educated, reform-minded Filipino intellectual class in the late 19th century who were often wealthy and had studied in Europe.

• Generally comprised of educated, upper-and-middle-class creoles and mestizos from the Philippines who desired greater representation in the Spanish colonial government in the mid-to-late 19th century.

La Solidaridad

• Propaganda Movement

• An organization of Filipino reformists and the name of the bi-weekly propaganda newspaper it published in Spain from 1889 to 1895.

La Liga Filipina

A civic society founded by Dr. José Rizal on July 3, 1892, in Manila, Philippines.

Katipunan

A secret Philippine revolutionary society founded on July 7, 1892, by Filipino nationalists led by Andres Bonifacio, with the goal of gaining independence from Spanish colonial rule through an armed revolt.

Andres Bonifacio

This person founded the Katipunan.

August 1896

When did the Philippine Revolution began?

December 30, 1896

The date when Rizal was executed.

El Filibusterismo

The second novel of Jose Rizal published on 1891. The novel promoted to ignite a violent revolution against Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines.

Emilio Aguinaldo

Who declared the first Independence Day of the Philippines?

June 12, 1898

Date of the Philippine Independence.

Treaty of Paris

This agreement, after the Spanish-American War, stipulated Spain sold the Philippines to the United States for $20 Million.

The Social Cancer

This is another name for Noli Me Tangere.

Not ‘Touch Me Not’

Calamba, Laguna

Where was Jose Rizal born?

Dapitan

• The location where Jose Rizal was arrested and exiled in 1892.

• This is where he practiced medicine, taught, and improved local infrastructure.

Calamba Hacienda case

This refers to the agrarian dispute between the tenant farmers of Calamba, Laguna, and the Dominican friars who owned the Hacienda de San Juan Bautista.

Mi Ultimo Adios

This is the poem written by Jose Rizal on the eve of his execution, expressing love and sacrifice for the Philippines.

The Reign of Greed

El Filibusterismo is also known as ___.

Republic Act. 1425

• An Act to Include in the Curricula of All Public and Private Schools, Colleges and Universities Courses on the Life, Works and Writings of Jose Rizal, Particularly His Novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes.

• Also known as the Rizal Law of 1956.

Horacio de la Costa, SJ

Jesuit scholar that drafted several pastoral letters on Rizal’s novels.

Senator Claro M. Recto

The senator that proposed the Senate Bill to make Noli Me Tangere and El Filbusterismo compulsory reading.

Senator Jose P. Laurel

Sponsored Recto’s bill; later introduced an amended version.

Senate Bill 438

The Senate Bill that was filed by Sen. Claro M. Recto on the Rizal Law.

April 4, 1956

Date when the Senate Bill of the Rizal Law was proposed.

June 12, 1956

Date when the Rizal Law was approved by President Ramon Magsaysay

Fr. Jesus Cavanna

This priest testifies against the bill (Rizal Law) in the pastoral hearings.

25

According to Fr. Cavanna, the novels of Jose Rizal is an attack on the clergy and ritual; only ___ of 333 pages are patriotic or contained nationalism.

Paciano Rizal

• Jose Rizal’s older brother

• A significant force behind Jose Rizal’s heroism

• A close student of Padre Jose Burgos

Dr. Pio Valenzuela

The doctor that Bonifacio ordered to visit Rizal in Dapitan to discuss the Katipunan’s planned revolution.

Virtue

Sacrifice

Love

Fill in the blanks:

Rizal’s ultimate goal was the ethical transformation of the Filipino, believing that “the Redemption of the Philippines presupposes ____, ___, and ___ of country.

Fort Santiago

Where was Rizal imprisoned before his execution?

Leonor Rivera

Who was Jose Rizal’s lover. The one who is depicted by Maria Clara in his novels?

Teodora Alonso Realonda

The name of Jose Rizal’s mother.

Galleon Trade

A Spanish trans-Pacific maritime trade route between Manila, Philippines, and Acapulco, Mexico, that ran for 250 years, from 1565 to 1815.