USH Unit 1

French and Indian War (Seven Years’ War)

War between Britain and France that also involved native tribes ( Iroquois Confederation and Algonquin)

Proclamation of 1763

Law (?) that prevented settlers from moving past the Appalachian Mts. to prevent further conflict with Native Tribes

Aftermath of Seven Years’ War

France lost most NA territory, Britain accrued massive war debt, Americans believed they had the right to settle out west

Constitution

Highest law of the land meant to limit the powers of the government

Articles of Confederation

The first constitution. No chief exec. 9/13 majority vote, request taxes and troops, Federal Gov. had no police or courts, states control their own trade

Alexander Hamilton ?!?

Federalist that wanted powerful central government, envisioned rich, powerful nation.

Thomas Jefferson

Anti-Federalist that wanted a weak government. Feared a strong central government.

The Constitutional Convention (1787)

Met to revise Articles of Confederation but ended up rewriting it, mainly wealthy, white, highly educated MEN

Separation of Powers

Executive, Legislative, Judicial

Executive

Mr President

Legislative

House of Reps. and Senate (Congress)

Judicial

Courts

Federal Government powers

Foreign policy, interstate commerce, national armed forces

State powers

Education, local roads, policing

The Great Compromise

Creation of Senate and House of Reps. to appease the South and coerce them into joining the USA

Bicameral Legislature

A bicameral system describes a government that has a two-house legislative system

3/5 Compromise

A compromise that allowed states to count slave as 3/5 of a white man when counting population (60% of slave pop.).

Bill of Rights

10 amendments that were added to Constitution to protect rights of states and individuals

Intolerable Acts

Four laws passed by the British Parliament to punish the colony of Massachusetts Bay for the Boston Tea Part (Boston Port Act, Massachusetts Government Act, Impartial Admin of Justice Act, & Quartering Act)

External Taxes

Goods moving in/out of colonies were to be taxed (Sugar Act, Townshend Acts)

Internal Taxes

Goods exchanged within colonies were to be taxed (Stamp Act)

Declaratory Act (1766)

British government had repealed Stamp Act; however, declared right to impose other types of taxes on colonies

Currency Act (1764)

Required all business transactions to be done through gold or silver

Quartering Acts (1765)

Required colonists to provide/pay for housing and supplies for British soldiers

Olive Branch Petition

A petition sent to King George (III) by congress (King George ignored them, then threaten to hang them)

Battle of Lexington