Radiography: General Anatomy Body Systems

What is anatomy?

The study, classification, and description of the structure and organs of the human body

• What are the 6 levels of structural organization in the human body:

Chemical

Cellular

Tissue

Organ

Organ system

Organism

Type of Tissue:

Epithelial - covers internal and external surfaces of the body including the lining of vessels & organs

Type of tissue

Connective - bind together & support various structures. Ex: tendons bind muscles to bones and ligaments bind bone to bone

Type of tissue

Muscular- make up the substance of a muscle

Type of tissue

Nervous- make up the substance of nerves and nerve centers

When various tissues combine to carry out specific function they create an

Organ

What is an Organ system?

It’s made up of organs with a shared function

What type of organ system is this?

Skeletal system

What does the skeletal system consist of ?

It consists of 206 individual bones along with their associated cartilage and joints.

What are the four functions of the skeletal system?

• Protecting soft tissues

• Allowing movement

• Producing blood cells

• Storing calcium

What type of organ system is this?

Circulatory system

• What type of cardiovascular organs does the circulatory system consist of?

• Heart

• Blood

• Blood vessels

What type of lymphatic systems does the circulatory system consist of?

• Lymph nodes

• Lymph vessels

• Lymph glands

• Spleen

• What are the functions of the circulatory system?

• Delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells

• Remove cellular, waste and carbon dioxide

• Carries water, electrolytes, hormones, and enzymes

• Protects against disease

• Prevents hemorrhage (utilizes blood clotting mechanisms to prevent hemorrhage and helps regulate body temperature)

What type of organ system is this?

Digestive system

What does the alimentary canal consist of in the digestive system?

• Mouth

• Pharynx

• Esophagus

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

• Rectum

• Anus

What accessory organs does the digestive system consist of?

• Salivary glands

• Liver

• Gallbladder

• Pancreas

What are the functions of accessory organs in the digestive system?

They support the main organs of the alimentary canal by producing and secreting substances essential for digestion

What are the main functions of the digestive system?

• Readies food for cell absorption

• Remove solid waist from the body

What organ system is this?

Respiratory system

• What is the respiratory system composed of?

• Nose

• Mouth

• Pharynx

• Larynx

• Trachea

• Bronchial tree

• Lungs

What are the main functions of the respiratory system?

• Provides oxygen to blood and cells

• Eliminates carbon dioxide from blood

• Helps regulate bloods acid base balance

What type of organ system is this?

Urinary system

What does the urinary system compose of?

• Kidneys

• Ureters

• Bladder

• Urethra

• What does the urinary system do?

• Controls the chemical make up of blood

• Eliminates waste products

• Regulates fluid and electrolyte balance, and volume

• Maintains the bodies acid base balance

What type of organ system is this?

Reproductive system

What is the main function of the reproductive system?

The main function of the reproductive system is to ensure the organisms reproduction

What type of organ system is this?

Nervous system

What does the nervous system compose of?

• Brain

• Ganglia

• Spinal cord

• Sensory organs (eyes and ears)

• Nerves

What are the functions of the nervous system?

Controls both voluntary and involuntary body functions

Sends electrical signals to and from different parts of the body and brain

What kind of organ system is this?

Muscular system

What does the muscular system compose of?

All muscle tissue in the body, which are categorized as skeletal, smooth or cardiac

• What are the main functions of the muscular system?

• Facilities movement

• Provide structural integrity

• Maintains posture

• Generates body heat

What kind of organ system is this?

Endocrine System

What kind of dustless glands does the endocrine system compose of?

• Ovaries

• Pancreas

• Adrenals

• Thymus

• Thyroid

• Parathyroid

• Pineal

• Pituitary

• Testes

  the placenta acts as a temporary endocrine gland during pregnancy

What are the functions of the endocrine system?

• Regulate the body by releasing hormones into the bloodstream

• Controls functions like growth, metabolism, and reproduction

What type of organ system is this?

Integumentary system

What is the integumentary system made of?

• Skin

• Nails

• Hair

• Sweats and oil glands

What is the largest organ?

The skin

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

• Regulates body temperature

• Defends the body from microbial invasion and damage caused by mechanical chemical and UV radiation

• Eliminate waist products through perspiration

• Receive stimuli (temperature, pressure, and pain)

• Synthesizes, vitamins, and biochemical such as vitamin D

What is the basic structural and functional units of all living things?

Cells

How many organ systems are there that’s responsible for bodily function?

10