Heart Anatomy and Labeling Techniques

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary related to the anatomy of the heart and its labeling techniques, crucial for understanding the heart's structure and functions in preparation for examinations.

Tricuspid Valve

A valve with three cusps located between the right atrium and right ventricle, preventing backflow of blood.

Bicuspid Valve

A valve with two cusps located between the left atrium and left ventricle, also preventing backflow of blood.

Chordae Tendineae

Tendinous cords that connect the papillary muscles to the heart valves, preventing the valves from inverting.

Apex of the Heart

The pointed end of the heart that is directed downwards and slightly to the left.

Fibrous Pericardium

The tough outer layer of the pericardium that protects the heart and anchors it to surrounding structures.

Serous Pericardium

The inner layer of the pericardium that contains a parietal layer and a visceral layer surrounding the heart.

Interventricular Septum

The thick wall separating the left and right ventricles of the heart.

Pacemaker of the Heart

The sinoatrial (SA) node, which sets the heart's rhythm by sending out electrical impulses.

Pulmonary Circulation

The passage of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart.

Systemic Circulation

The flow of oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body.

Epicardium

The outer layer of the heart wall that is a part of the serous pericardium.

Myocardium

The muscular middle layer of the heart wall responsible for the contraction of the heart.

Endocardium

The innermost layer of the heart wall, lining the heart chambers and valves.

Coronary Sinus

A collection of veins that drains deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle into the right atrium.

Pulmonary Valve

A semilunar valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk, allowing blood to flow to the lungs.

Aortic Valve

A semilunar valve between the left ventricle and the aorta, allowing oxygenated blood to flow to the body.

Trabeculae Carneae

Ridges of muscle found on the inner surface of the ventricles, helping to reduce the suction effect.

Moderator Band

A bundle of muscle fibers in the right ventricle that helps with conducting electrical impulses and preventing overdistension.

Auricle

An ear-like projection on the surface of the atria that increases the volume of blood the atria can hold.

Foramen Ovale

An opening in the fetal heart that allows blood to bypass the lungs; it closes after birth.

Ductus Arteriosus

A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary trunk to the aorta, allowing blood to bypass the lungs.