GI final drug cards

adalimumab brand

humira

adalimumab class

TNF inhibitor

adalimumab MOA

binds and inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha, reducing inflammation and altering immune response

adalimumab AEs

headache, rash, nausea, inj site reaction, hyperlipidemia, hematuria, elevation of ALK/CK, arthralgia

adalimumab contraindications

active infections

adalimumab dose

40 mg SC q2weeks

adalimumab BBW

increased risk of serious infections; lymphoma or other malignancies may also occur

etanercept brand

enbrel

etanercept class

Antirheumatic; Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Blocking Agent

etanercept dose

SC: 50 mg once-twice weekly depending on disease state

etanercept BBW

- Patients receiving are at increased risk for serious infections which may result in hospitalization and/or fatality
- Lymphoma and other malignancies (some fatal) have been reported in children and adolescents receiving TNF-blocking agents, including etanercept.
- Active tuberculosis (disseminated or extrapulmonary), including reactivation of latent tuberculosis, has been reported in patients receiving etanercept

lubiprostone brand

amitiza

lubiprostone class

Gastrointestinal Agent, Chloride Channel Activator

lubiprostone dose

- Chronic idiopathic constipation PO: 24 mcg twice daily
- IBS with constipation females >18 yo PO: 8 mcg twice daily
- Opioid induced constipation PO: 24 mcg twice daily

lubiprostone contraindications

Syncope/hypotension

lactulose brand

constulose, enulose, gerelac, kristalose

lactulose class

Laxative, Ammonium Detoxicant

lactulose dose

Constipation PO: 10 to 20 grams per day up to (40g/day)

lactulose contraindications

Low galactose diet
Caution in patients with diabetes mellitus; solution contains galactose and lactose
Monitor periodically for electrolyte imbalance

diphenoxylate/atropine brand

lomotil

diphenoxylate/atropine class

Gastrointestinal, Antidiarrheal

diphenoxylate/atropine dose

PO: 5mg diphenoxylate component four times per day PRN (20mg/day max)

diphenoxylate/atropine contraindications

Obstructive jaundice; diarrhea associated with pseudomembranous enterocolitis

rifaximin brand

xifaxan

rifaximin class

Antibiotic, Rifamycin

rifaximin dose

- Hepatic encephalopathy PO: 550 mg twice per day
- Irritable bowel syndrome— diarrhea PO: 550 mg three times per day for 14 days
- Traveler's Diarrhea PO: 200 mg three times per day for 3 days

rifaximin contraindications

Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustment, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy

potassium chloride brand

klor-con, micro-k

potassium chloride class

electrolyte

potassium chloride MOA

replaces potassium

potassium chloride AEs

nausea, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea

potassium chloride contraindications

hyperkalemia, delayed GI transit, GI obstruction

potassium chloride dose

20-25 mEq PO QD

potassium chloride BBW

none

vitamin D brand

ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol

vitamin D class

vitamin

vitamin D MOA

stimulates intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption, stimulates bone mineralization

vitamin D AEs

hypercalcemia, nausea, anemia, weakness

vitamin D contraindications

hypercalcemia, hypervitaminosis D

vitamin D dose

400-2000 units PO qd

vitamin D BBW

none

ferrous sulfate brand

feosol, fer-in-sol, slow fe, feratab

ferrous sulfate class

iron supplement

ferrous sulfate MOA

source of elemental iron

ferrous sulfate AEs

dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, fecal discoloration

ferrous sulfate contraindications

hemolytic anemia, ulcerative colitis

ferrous sulfate dose

150-325 mg QD

ferrous sulfate BBW

none

folic acid brand

generic onl

folic acid class

vitamin

folic acid MOA

participates in DNA synthesis and erythropoiesis

folic acid AEs

nausea, abdominal pain, flatulence, irritability, rash

folic acid contraindications

none

folic acid dose

1 mg po qd

folic acid BBW

none

cyanocobalamin brand

vitamin b-12

cyanocobalamin class

vitamin

cyanocobalamin MOA

essential component and participant in physiologic systems

cyanocobalamin AEs

headache, nausea, anxiety, nervousness

cyanocobalamin contraindications

none

cyanocobalamin dose

1000 mcg SC/IV per month

cyanocobalamin BBW

none

lansoprazole brand

prevacid

lansoprazole class

ppi

lansoprazole moa

proton pump inhibition

lansoprazole AEs

increased incidence of osteoporosis-related bone fractures of the hip, spine, or wrist; may diminish the therapeutic effect of clopidogrel; increased risk of c diff

lansoprazole dose

15-30 mg po qd

lansoprazole contraindications

hepatic (consider dose adjustment with severe impairment)

lansoprazole BBW

none

dexlansoprazole brand

dexilant

dexlansoprazole class

ppi

dexlansoprazole moa

proton pump inhibition

dexlansoprazole AEs

increased incidence of osteoporosis-related bone fractures of the hip, spine, or wrist; may diminish the therapeutic effect of clopidogrel; increased risk of c diff

dexlansoprazole dose

healing: 60 mg po qd x up to 8 weeks maintenance: 30 mg po qd

dexlansoprazole contraindications

hepatic (consider dose adjustment with severe impairment)

dexlansoprazole BBW

none

pantoprazole brand

protonix

pantoprazole class

ppi

pantoprazole moa

inhibits gastric cell hydrogen-potassium ATPase

pantoprazole AEs

diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence, dizziness, vertigo, myalgia

pantoprazole dose

20 mg PO/IV qd

pantoprazole contraindications

none

pantoprazole bbw

none

omeprazole brand

prilosec

omeprazole class

ppi

omeprazole moa

inhibits gastric cell hydrogen-potassium ATPase

omeprazole dose

20 mg PO qd

omeprazole AEs

diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence, dizziness, rash, upper respiratory infection

omeprazole contraindications

none

omeprazole bbw

none

esomeprazole brand

nexium

esomeprazole class

ppi

esomeprazole moa

inhibits gastric cell hydrogen-potassium ATPase

esomeprazole AEs

diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, dizziness

esomeprazole dose

20-40 mg PO QD

esomeprazole contraindications

none

esomeprazole bbw

none

famotidine brand

pepcid

famotidine class

histamine blocker (h2)

famotidine moa

antagonizes H2 histamine receptors