BIO 12 - Circulation Vocab

Anterior Vena Cava

Anterior Vena Cava

carries oxygen poor blood from upper part of the body into the right atrium

Antibody

a protein produced by white blood cells that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body

Antigen

substance capable of stimulating the release of antibodies

Aorta

The largest artery in the body; receives o2-blood from the left ventricle.

Arterial Duct

fetal artery connecting trunk to aorta

Atrioventricular Valve (AV)

largest valves made of connective tissue to allow blood to pass along ventricles to pump out of the heart

Autonomic Nervous System

Subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that regulates INVOLUNTARY functions

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

1/2 pieces of nodal tissue, specialized heart muscle located in the septal wall of the right atrium; receives impulses from the sinoatrial node and transmits them to the atrioventricular bundle

Blood Pressure

Force that blood exerts on blood vessel walls

Blood Velocity

speed of blood flow

Capillary-tissue fluid exchange

Where fluids, gasses, nutrients and wastes are exchanged between the blood and body tissues

Carotid artery

major artery in neck supplying blood to brain, neck and face

chordae tendinae

thing, string like tissues connecting heart valves to heart muscles to keep valves in place

coronary arteries and veins

supply and drain the heart of blood

diastolic pressure

pressure in arteries when heart rests between beats

fetal circulation

the system of blood vessels and structures through which blood moves in a fetus

hepatic portal vein

the vein that collects blood from the GI tract and conducts it to the liver

Hepatic Vein

the vein that collects blood from the liver and returns it to the heart

hypertension

high blood pressure

hypotension

low blood pressure

iliac arteries and veins

transports blood to and from the leg & pelvic organs

jugular vein

Vein that carries blood from the head to the superior vena cava

left atrium

left upper chamber, receives blood from the lungs

left ventricle

lower left chamber, receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium and pumps into the aorta

lymph capillaries

microscopic vessels that collect excess fluid from tissues to the lymph vessels

lymphatic nodes

filters lymph and fights infection by housing immune cells

lymphatic system

Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.

lymphatic veins

Vessels of lymph system throughout body, thin walled, valves

mesenteric artery

major artery and the intestinal blood supplier

oval opening

the passage between the right and left atria of the heart, bypasses lungs delivering most of the oxygenated blood directly to body

plasma

Liquid part of blood carrying cells, nutrients and waste

platelets

blood clotting to ensure bleeding stops

posterior vena cava

collects blood from lower part of body to return to heart

pulmonary arteries

carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs

pulmonary circulation

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

pulmonary trunk

large artery splitting into the pulmonary arteries, carrying blood from r. ventricle to the lungs

pulmonary veins

Deliver oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium

purkinje fibers

specialized fibers aiding in spreading electrical impulses to contract ventricles

red blood cells

Blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells.

renal artery

blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

renal vein

blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart

right atrium

the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood

right ventricle

lower right chamber or heart recieving deoxygenated blood to the lungs

sinoatrial node

heart's natural pacemaker, generates electrical impulses to create heartbeats

semi lunar valve

A valve in the heart linking the ventricles to the aorta and pulmonary artery

septum

Divides the right and left chambers of the heart

subclavian arteries and veins

blood vessels carrying blood to and from arms, shoulder and head

systemic circulation

circulatory system carrying oxygenated blood from heart to body, returns deoxygenated blood to the heart

systolic pressure

the pressure when the heart contracts

umbilical artery

fetal blood vessel carrying deoxygenated blood from fetus to the placenta

valve

struncture in heart/veins preventing blood from turning

veins

carries deoxygenated blood to the heart

venous duct

vessel in fetal circulation directing blood from umbilical vein to inferior vena cava

white blood cells

cells fighting infection in blood and immune system