Islamic Empire

What type of religion is Islam?

monothesitic

Holy book is islam

Qur’an

Kaaba

a shrine with idols of 360 different god, including Allah

Mohammed

“creator” of islam, born in mecca, @ 40 he goes into a cave and receives a message from angel gabriel telling him he is a messenger of Allah

What do muslims call god?

allah

What do muslims believe jesus was?

he was just a prophet

In what regions is Islam popular?

middle east and southern asia

What city do the three largest religions consider holy?

jerusalem

What are the five pillars of Islam?

faith, prayer, alsm, fasting, and pilgrimage

Faith

believe in one god, Allah

Prayer

pray 5 times a day

Alsm

give money to needy

Fasting (ramadan)

don’t eat from sunrise to sunset for one month

Pilgrimage (Hajj)

once in your life you have to go to mecca

Where did islam spread in its early years?

Spain, northern africa, Persia, and Arabia

Jihad

if you’re fighting a holy war and die you’ll go straight to heaven

Caliph

Successor

Rightly guided caliphs

first four caliphs, all knew muhammad and promised

Dar-al-Islam

areas where islam is practiced

Sharia law

islamic religoius law, used to govern the empire

people of the book

jews and christians

How could non-muslims under muslim control continue to practice their faith?

as long as they paid a speacil tax

How did the umayyads come to power?

after the death of ali and after civil war

What did Shia muslims believe?

that leadership should be inherited from the bloodline of Mummhand, and they also reject the Umayyads

What did sunni muslims believe?

accepted umayyad rule, and leadership can come from outside the bloodline of Mummhand

Who overthrew the umayyad empire?

the abbasids, 750 to 1258

How did the abbasid empire make money?

from trade which led to a golden age

What are some islamic achievements?

number system, algebra, chemistry, navigation, banking, art, chess, literature, and architecture