Infection Control and Management

These flashcards cover essential terms and concepts from the lecture on infection control and management.

Normal Flora

Beneficial microorganisms living naturally on and in our bodies that aid digestion, protect against harmful microbes, and support the immune system.

Pathogens

Harmful microorganisms that cause disease and infections, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Infection

Occurs when harmful microorganisms invade the body and multiply, causing illness.

Antibiotics

Medications that treat bacterial infections by killing bacteria or stopping their reproduction.

Antivirals

Medications that treat viral infections by inhibiting reproduction or strengthening the immune response.

Antifungal

Medications used to treat fungal infections.

Parasites

Organisms that live on or in a host, feeding on them, and can spread through various means including contaminated food and water.

Innate Immunity

The body's first line of defense that responds quickly to any invader without targeting specific pathogens.

Acquired Immunity

Specialized immunity that develops after exposure to specific pathogens and allows for a stronger response upon re-exposure.

Chain of Infection

A sequence of events that leads to the spread of infection, including the infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host.

Asepsis

The practice of preventing the transfer of microbes from one person to another.

Sterilization

The process that destroys all microbes, including spores and viruses.

Primary Pathogens

Microorganisms that can cause disease in healthy individuals.

Opportunistic Pathogens

Microorganisms that lead to infections when the immune system is weakened.

Incubation Period

The time after a pathogen enters the body before symptoms appear.

Mechanical Defenses

Physical barriers, such as skin and mucous membranes, that help protect against infection.

Immunity

The body's ability to resist harmful microorganisms or viruses.