Energy and the Environment Exam 1

Using the periodic table as a guide, specify the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom of Be (beryllium)

Protons: 4, Electrons: 4

Express this number in scientific notation: 600.m

6.00 x 10 to the 2

Express this number in scientific notation: 0.0000000004393 m

4.393 x 10 to the -10 m

Give the name of the "lightest" element (has atoms of lowest mass) in group 5A

Nitrogen

Label the section of the periodic table which contain the halogens, noble gasses, metals, and nonmetals

metals, non-metals, halogens, noble gasses

This illustration of a simplified atom highlights the three key subatomic particles.

Pink particles: proton, blue particles: neutron, outer yellow particles: electron

A substance that can be broken down into two or more simpler substances by chemical methods is called a:

Compound

On the periodic table, the columns of elements with similar properties are:

Groups

The most numerous of the elements are the:

Metals

Which symbols only elements that are metals:

X (column 1) and Y(column 16) first group on the left

Which substance is an element?

N to the 2

A(n) blank is a fixed number of atoms held together by chemical bonds in a certain spatial arrangement:

Molecule

In the periodic table, which elements typically have similar properties?

Those ins the same columns

The nucleus of an atom contains:

Protons and Neutrons Only

What distinguishes the atoms of one element from another?

The number of protons

What are the three pillars of sustainability?

environmental, social, economic

To burn 1 molecule of C3H8 to form CO2 and H20 (complete combustion), how many molecules of O2 are required?

5 Molecules

Provide the proper coefficients (including 1's) required to balance this reaction:

1H2O(g) + 2O2(g) — 1CO2(g) + 2H2o (g)

Carbon Monoxide:

CO, produced by incomplete combustion of fuels such as gasoline, diesel and propane, sometimes called "the silent killer" this gas prevents hemoglobin from carrying oxygen in the bloodstream, is produced through natural processes on earth as well as by humans

Ozone:

O3, produced as a secondary pollutant by the reaction of nitrogen dioxide with sunlight and oxygen, causes respiratory irritation and distress, beneficial in the upper atmosphere but harmful in the lower atmosphere

Sulfur dioxide:

SO3, produced from the burning of sulfur containing fuels such as coal, causes respiratory irritation and distress, produces acid rain, is produced through natural processes on earth as well as by humans

Nitrogen Dioxide:

NO2, produced at high temperature reactions between oxygen and nitrogen gasses in engines and power plants, causes respiratory irritation and distress, produces acid rain, creates brown smog, it produced through natural processes on earth as well as by humans

Label each portion of the earth's atmosphere:

troposphere, ozone layer, stratosphere, mesosphere

Of five major gaseous components of air, which is the only one to vary significantly in concentration from place to place and from day to day?

Water Vapor

Air is a(n):

mixture

Ozone is considered an air pollutant in the BLANK but is a valuable protective layer in the BLANK:

Troposphere;Stratosphere

Which pollutant is present in air as particulate matter?

Soot

Which pollutant are you more likely to encounter in dangerous concentrations indoors rather than outdoors?

Carbon Monoxide

P2O5 is the chemical formula for:

diphosphorus pentoxide

Choose the proper coefficients for each substance to balance this equation C2H4 (g) + O2 (g) — CO2(g) + H2O (g) :

1,3,2,2

Which is the balanced chemical equation showing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposing into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) :

H2O2 — H2 + O2

Green Chemistry is:

The design of products and processes that reduce hazardous substances

An inversion layer happens when a certain weather pattern traps cooler air near the surface of the earth with a warmer air mass above it? Why is this a problem?

Air pollution concentrates in the inversion layer.

To draw a Lewis structure, first add the number of outer (valence) electrons contributed by each atom to obtain the total number of outer electrons. What is the value for a molecule of CHFCL2?

26 total valence electrons

To draw a Lewis structure, first add the number of outer (valence) electrons contributed by each atom to obtain the total number of outer electrons. What is the value for a molecule of CF2CI2?

32 total valence electrons

Which of the following photons from the electromagnetic spectrum have the most energy?

Ultraviolet

Label the diagram below with the different types of electromagnetic radiation in the EM spectrum:

From left to right - Gamma rays, X-rays, UV, Visible, Infrared, Microwave, Radio

Which color in the rainbow has the largest wavelength?

Blue

Which is correct?

All of these choices are correct... Ozone forms.. There is a dynamic steady.. UV radiation will dissociate...

Which statement is correct?

UV-C is the most energetic of the three forms of UV light

The speed of light in air..

Depends on both the wavelength and the frequency of light

Ozone in our atmosphere is important because it

Absorbs some UV radiation

Wavelength is the...

Distance between successive peaks in a wave

Which is the correct Lewis structure?

H: CL with two dots around CL

When only one pair of shared electrons is involved in a covalent bond, the linkage is called a BLANK bond

Single

Single bonds, double bonds, and triple bonds...

have 2,4, and 6 shared electrons, respectively

Light behaves like...

Both a particle and a wave

Which Lewis structure for a formaldehyde (CH2O) is correct

A : H,H,C,D,O