Prokaryotic Cells

What are the key differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotic cells are smaller

No membrane bound organelles

Smaller ribosomes

No nucleus

Cell wall is made of murein

What structures may prokaryotic cells contain

Plasmids

A capsule

Flagella

State examples of membrane bound organelles which eukaryotic cells contain

Ribosomes

Mitochondria

Chloroplasts

Endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi

Nucleus

What are ribosomes made up of

Protein and rRNA

No nucleus

Instead of a nucleus there is a single circular DNA molecule free in the cytoplasm which is not protein bound

What is the cell wall made of in prokaryotic cells

Murein, a glycoprotein

Describe the structure of plasmids

Small loops of DNA which only carry a few genes

Describe the structure and function of the capsule

Slimy layer made of protein

This prevents the bacteria from desiccating (drying out) and protects the bacteria against the host’s immune system

Describe the function of the flagella

Rotates to enable to bacteria to move