Obj 1.4 -Ports and Protocols

Section 4

Port

A logical opening in a computer that represents a service or application.

Protocol

Set of rules and conventions for data exchange between network devices.

Well-Known Ports

Which type of ports are numbered from 0 to 1,023

Registered Ports

Which ports are numbered from 1,024 to 49,151

Ephemeral Ports

Short-lived temporary ports which are opened for just a small period of time from a predefined range of ports

Ephemeral Ports

Which ports are numbered from 49,152 to 65,535

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

A fundamental protocol within the internet protocol suite that consists of set of rules that govern the exchange of data.

Windowing

Occurs by allowing the receiver to specify the amount of data it can handle at a time

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

A communication protocol used across the internet for especially time-sensitive transmissions

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

Integral part of the Internet Protocol Suite which is a set of networking protocols used on the Internet

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

An application layer protocol that enables plain text communication between clients and servers

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Standard protocol used for sending emails across the Internet and operates over Port 25

Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3)

Protocol used to retrieve emails from a remote server to a local client over Port 110

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

Protocol that operates over Port 143 and allows users to manage emails directly on the email server

SMTP/SMTPS: Sending emails

POP3/IMAP: Receiving emails

Which email protocols are used for sending emails and which are used for receiving emails?

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server over a network (port 20 and port 21)

Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)/SSH File Transfer Protocol (Secure FTP)

Created to address the security concerns of FTP and operates over port 22

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

Simpler and more basic version of the FTP and operates over port 69

Server Message Block (SMB)

Protocol that operates over port 445 and allows computer apps to read and write to files and request services from the server programs

Secure Shell (SSH)

Protocol used for secure remote login and other secure network services over an unsecure network (port 22)

Telnet

Protocol that operates over port 23

Allows a user on a one computer to login remotely to another computer

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

Proprietary protocol that was developed by Microsoft to provide users with a graphical user interface to connect to another computer over a network connection (port 3389)

Domain Name System (DNS)

Protocol Used to translate human-friendly domain names into an IP address that computers can use to identify each other on a network (port 53)

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

Protocol used to automate the assignment of IP addresses, subnet, mass gateways, and other networking parameters to a client device (port 67/68)

SQL Services

Microsoft SQL- port 1433

MySQL- port 3306

Protocols used by database servers to manage queries and control operations from the client applications that are requesting them. (port 1433 and port 3306)

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

Protocol used for collecting information from and configuring different network devices like servers, printers, hubs, switches, and routers over an IP network (port 161/162)

System Logging (Syslog)

Standard for message logging that allows devices to send event message across IP networks to an event message collector known as Syslog server (port 514)

Network Time Protocol (NTP)

Protocol used to synchronize the clocks of a computer over a given network (port 123)

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)

Protocol used for initiating, maintaining, and terminating real-time sessions that involve voice, video messaging, and other communication services (port 5060 and port 5061)

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)

Protocol for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services over an IP network (port 389)