Motion - vector def and forces

position

location of an object with respect to a reference point

distance travelled

how far an object travels during a particular motion

displacement

object's change in position relative to its starting and final position

speed

ratio of distance travelled to time taken

veloctiy

ratio of displacement to time taken

instantaneous speed

speed of an object at a specific moment in time

instantaneous velocity

velocity of an object at a specific moment in time

Average speed

Total distance travelled in a particular interval of time

Average velocity

Displacement of object over a time interval

Acceleration

Rate of change of velocity

Friction desc

2 surfaces rubbing together/sliding past each other

Friction c or nc

C

Friction eg

Car breaks

Friction direction

Opposite direction to motion

Ar desc

Objects moving through at that collide with air particles

Ar c or nc

C

Ar eg

Skydiver with parachute

Ar direction

Opp direc to motion

gravitational force desc

acts between objects with mass

gravitational force c or nc

nc

gravitational force eg

satellites in orbit

gravitational force direction

towards a massive object

electrostatic desc

attraction/repulsion between objects with charge

electrostatic c or nc

nc

electro static eg

particle accelerators

electrostatic direc

towards/away from a charged object

magnetic desc

attraction/repulsion between magnetic poles

magnetic c or nc

nc

magnetic eg

maglev trains

magnetic direc

towards/away from magnetic pole

tension desc

object that is being stretched/compressed experiences this force

tension c or nc

c

tension eg

rope swing

normal desc

force from surface pushing back against applied force

normal c or n

c

normal force eg

cat on a table

normal force direction

at 90 degrees to surface

upthrust desc

causes objects to float

upthrust c or nc

c

upthrust eg

cruise ship floating

upthrust direc

opposite direction to weight

thrust desc

causes objects to travel

thrust c or nc

c

thrust eg

rocket ship taking off

thrust direc

in any direction

WR desc

objects moving through water that collide with water particles

WR c or nc

c

WR example

swimming with seals

WR direc

opposite direction to motion.