Intracellular Compartments and Endomembrane System

These flashcards cover key concepts about intracellular compartments, the endomembrane system, and their functions.

Endomembrane System

A system of organelles that produce, store, and export biological molecules, and degrade potentially harmful substances.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

An organelle consisting of interconnected tubes and membranes that synthesizes proteins and lipids.

Rough ER

Part of the ER studded with ribosomes, responsible for manufacturing all secreted proteins.

Smooth ER

Part of the ER that synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, detoxifies drugs, and stores calcium ions.

Golgi Apparatus

A stack of membranous sacs that modifies, concentrates, and packages proteins for secretion.

Lysosomes

Organelles that contain digestive enzymes to degrade waste materials and cellular debris.

Peroxisomes

Organelles that contain enzymes for oxidative reactions, such as the breakdown of fatty acids.

Signal Recognition Particle (SRP)

A ribonucleoprotein that directs the mRNA-ribosome complex to the rough ER.

Transport Vesicle

A membrane-bound vesicle that transports proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus.

Cisternae

The flattened membrane-bound compartments that make up the Golgi apparatus.