Salmonella spp: Typhoid fever and CLSI

Typhoid fever symptoms (3)

Bimodial infection

1. 1-2 weeks of debilitating fever

   1. If not diagnosed could die

2. Diarrheic phase

Typhoid fever organism

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi

Transmission (2)

1. Need less than 1000 bacteria to get sick (much lower than other salmonella)

2. Can shed for more than a year

Distribution (2)

1. Mostly in the developing world

2. In US about 350 (Most likely imported)

Biochemical reactions of Non-Typhoid vs Typhoid

1. Non-Typhoid: Citrate +, Arginine +. Ornithine +, H2S +

2. Typhoid: Citrate -, Arginine -, Ornithine -, H2S crecent ring

CLSI Salmonella spp. (5)

1. Usually do not do unless it is severe

2. Antibiotics:

   1. Ampicillin

   2. T/S

   3. Ciprofloxacin

   4. If extraintestinal use 3rd gen cephem: Cephtriaxone