The ancient empire that civilization forgot

awe (N)

a feeling of great respect sometimes mixed with fear or surprise:

I've always held musicians in _______.

spawn (V)

to cause something new, or many new things, to grow or start suddenly:

The new economic freedom has ______ hundreds of new small businesses.

preside (V)

to be in charge of a formal meeting, ceremony, or trial:

Who would be the best person to _______ at/over the public enquiry?

ditch (N)

a long, narrow open hole that is dug into the ground, usually at the side of a road or field, used especially for supplying or removing water or for dividing land

mound (N)

a large pile of something:

a _____of potatoes/papers

quarry (N)

a large artificial hole in the ground where stone, sand, etc. is dug for use as building material:

a granite/limestone/marble/slate____

deformity (N)

the situation in which a part of the body has not developed in the normal way or with the normal shape

ring (V)

to surround something:

Armed police _____  the hijacked plane.

be ________by/with The harbour is dangerous - it's ringed by/with rocks and reefs.

rampart (N)

a large wall built round a town, castle, etc. to protect it

cascade (N)

a large amount of something that hangs down:

A _____ of golden hair fell down his back.

cascade (V)

to fall quickly and in large amounts:

Coins _______from/out of the fruit machine.

rugged (ADJ)

(of land) wild and not even; not easy to travel over:

______landscape/terrain/hills/cliffs

treaty (N)

a written agreement between two or more countries, formally approved and signed by their leaders:

a peace ________

extinguish (V)

to stop a fire or a light burning:

It took the firefighters several hours to __________the flames.

eloquent (ADJ)

giving a clear, strong message:

She made an ___________ appeal for action.

traverse (V)

to move or travel through an area:

Stanley _________ the continent from west to east.

submerge (V)

to go below or make something go below the surface of the sea or a river or lake:

The submarine __________when enemy planes were sighted.

bemused (ADJ)

slightly confused:

I was _________at his sudden anger.

elongated (ADJ)

longer and thinner than usual:

In the photo her face was slightly _______.

acutely (ADV)

completely or extremely:

________aware Management is ________aware of the resentment that their decision may cause.

fathom (V)

to discover the meaning of something:

________ something out I still haven't ______ out how to put this bookcase together.

resounding (ADJ)

loud:

Supporters gave the team three ___________ cheers.

parity (N)

equality, especially of pay or position:

Firefighters are demanding pay _________ with police.

fraternity

a group of people who have the same job or interest:

close-knit ________-The racing world is a pretty close-knit __________.

dictate (V)

to give orders, or tell someone exactly what they must do, with total authority:

The UN will __________ the terms of troop withdrawal from the region.

manoeuvrable (ADJ)

easy to move and direct:

The new missile is faster and more ________ than previous models.

subjugate (V)

to defeat people or a country and rule them in a way that allows them no freedom

deity (N)

a god or goddess:

Ares and Aphrodite were the ancient Greek ________ of war and love.

despotism (N)

the rule of a despot (= a ruler with unlimited power, often one who is unfair and cruel):

After years of ________, the country is now moving towards democracy.

During his reign, he earned a reputation for _______.

desecrate (V)

to damage or show no respect towards something holy or very much respected:

The mosque/shrine was _______by vandals.

ward someone/something off

to prevent someone or something unpleasant from harming or coming close to you:

In the winter I take vitamin C to _____ _____colds.

under (a/the) strain

having to do too much, dealing with a difficult problem, etc.

She has been ______ ______lately.

ripple (V)

to (cause to) move in small waves:

The breeze _____the water.

intact (ADJ)

complete and in the original state:

The church was destroyed in the bombing but the altar survived ________.