science 9

eating disorders

extreme and damaging eating behaviors that can lead to sickness and even death

anorexia nervosa

second highest death rate of any mental illness; an eating disorder characterized by self-starvation leading to extreme weight loss

without appetite

What does anorexia mean?

of nervous origin

What does nervosa mean?

female

Most people who suffer from anorexia nervosa and bulimia are (male, female).

malnutrition

condition in which the body doesn't get the nutrients it needs to grow and function properly

bulimia

a condition in which people repeatedly eat large amounts of food and then try to get rid of the food they have eaten

laxatives

make food speed through the digestive system with little time to release nutrients; sometimes used by bulimic people

stomach acids from vomiting can damage teeth and injure the mouth and throat, starvation can damage the heart, overeating can cause the stomach to enlarge and vomiting can rupture it, laxative abuse can damage the kidneys, vomiting and abusing laxatives can lead to dehydration and malnutrition

What are the 5 negative effects of bulimia?

inherited tendency towards it, overeating, lack of physical activity, and body metabolism

What are 4 factors that contribute to obesity?

low self-esteem, social isolation, increase in weight, overeating, inactivity, and shame and guilt

Which of these are all listed side effects of obesity?

• low self-esteem

• social isolation

• increased tendency towards breast cancer

• increase in weight

• overeating

• inactivity

• shame and guilt

• boredom

Overeaters Anonymous

program that can help people with eating disorders

convince the person to get help, tell an adult, get professional help, encourage the person to join a support group, and recommend a follow-up

What are the 5 steps in order of helping someone with an eating disorder?

weight control

reaching the weight that is best for you and then staying at that weight

desired weight

the weight that is best for you

sex, height, and body frame

What 3 things determine your desired weight?

overweight

weighing more than the desired weight for your sex, height, and frame size

obesity

having too much body fat

20

Obese people weigh at least ______ percent more than their desired weight.

the body frame has to bear excess weight that puts stress on bones and muscles, the heart has to work harder to make blood circulate, and excess weight makes it harder to exercise, continuing weight gain

What are 3 main negative effects of excess weight?

calorie

a unit of heat that is the amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius; used to measure the energy available in different foods

eat; grow; exercise

When you ______, you take in calories. When you _________ or _____________, you burn up calories.

1,600-2,500

How many calories does the average person need daily?

nutrient density

containing large amounts of nutrients relative to the number of calories they provide

chicken

Name an example of a nutrient-dense food in the meat group.

cheese

Name an example of a nutrient-dense food in the milk group.

rice

Name an example of a nutrient-dense food in the grains group.

helps your heart and lungs work better, helps tones your muscles, and increases the rate at which your body changes nutrients into energy, making it easier for you to control your weight

What are 3 benefits of exercising?

exercising more

What is the fastest way to burn up calories?

1; 2

You should lose ______ to _____ pounds of weight per week if you want to diet.

fasting

not eating for a long period of time

exercise; doctor

When trying to diet what should you do?

Follow a diet and __________ program under the supervision of a _________ to ensure that the plan is safe.

realistic

When trying to diet what should you do?

Set __________ goals.

Exercise; calories

When trying to diet what should you do?

__________ to make sure you burn __________.

eating

When trying to diet what should you do?

Change poor __________ habits.

preferences

When trying to diet what should you do?

Consider food __________ when planning your diet.

nutrient-dense

When trying to diet what should you do?

Eat ________________________ foods.

low; groups

When trying to diet what should you do?

Eat mainly ________-calorie foods from the five food _________.

slowly; helping

When trying to diet what should you do?

Eat __________ and wait before taking a second _________.

snack; walk; friend

When trying to diet what should you do?

If you are tempted to __________, try doing something else—take a _________ or visit a _________.

once; time

When trying to diet what should you do?

Weigh yourself __________ a week at the same _________ of day.

progress

When trying to diet what should you do?

Focus on your __________.

diets; results

When trying to diet what should not do?

Don't be taken in by __________ promising quick ___________.

formulas; products

When trying to diet what should not do?

Don't rely on special __________ or ___________.

2

When trying to diet what should not do?

Don't lose more than _______ pounds a week.

1,400

When trying to diet what should not do?

Don't eat fewer than __________ calories a day.

meals

When trying to diet what should not do?

Don't skip __________.

weigh

When trying to diet what should not do?

Don't __________ yourself every day.

food

When trying to diet what should not do?

Don't reward yourself with __________.

discouraged

When trying to diet what should not do?

Don't become __________ if you have a setback.

take in the same amount of calories you burn up

What should you do to maintain your weight?

Food Guide Pyramid

a guide to daily food choices from five groups of healthful foods that shows how much and what kind of gfoods you should eat

pay attention to serving sizes, keep meats lean, read dairy product labels, use whole-grain or enriched grain products, cook it right, consider nutritive values, and consume sufficient complete proteins

What are the 7 things you should do to get the most benefit from using the Food Guide Pyramid?

skin; fat

Before cooking, remove ________ from poultry and all visible _______ from meat.

broiled

Which food—broiled or fried—has less fat?

steamed

Which vegetables—steamed or cooked in water—retain more vitamins?

Vegetable Group

What group of the food guide pyramid is on the third row to the left?

Bread, Cereal, Rice, and Pasta Group

What group of the food guide pyramid is at the base?

Fruit Group

What group of the food guide pyramid is on the third row to the right?

Milk, Yogurt, and Cheese Group

What group of the food guide pyramid is on the second row to the left?

Meat, Poultry, Fish, Dried Beans, Eggs, and Nuts Group

What group of the food guide pyramid is on the second row to the right?

Fats, Oils, and Sweets

What group of the food guide pyramid is on the very top?

B and F

Which two groups should you eat 2 to 3 servings a day?

A fats, oils, and sweets

B milk, yogurt, and cheese group

C vegetable group

D bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group

E fruit group

F meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts group

C

Which group should you eat 3 to 5 servings a day?

A fats, oils, and sweets

B milk, yogurt, and cheese group

C vegetable group