Stats 100 - Midterm Two Vocab

internal validity definition

the extent to which the observations in the control group are like the observations in the treatment group

external validity definition

the extent to which the observations in the sample are like the observations in the population of interest

internal validity is important when

making a casual inference

external validity is important when

making a generalization inference

casual factor

the factor that might cause change

outcome factor

the result we measure

treatment group

receives casual factor

control group

DO NOT receive casual factor

Average Treatment Effect

our best average estimate for how much the casual fa tor changes the outcome

Random and individual design study

matched pairs

Not random and individual design study

case control

Random and group design study

block randomization

Not random and group design study

cohort control

Internal validity other important characteristics

Matching/blocking based on the key factors identifed in the casual group

External validity other important characteristics

population based quotas or blocks and a detailed list of specific inclusion criteria

moderator

changes the effect a cause has on an outcome. ATE is different dpending on which group.

confounder

factor that has effect on both causal and outcome factor

best external validity?

population based quotas/blocks and incorporation of random

best internal validity?

matching/nlocking based on key factors, incorporation of random assignment

volunteer sampling strategy

make study available to everyone who meets inclusion criteria, converince, not random

quota sampling strategy

make limits on who can participate, not random

probability sampling strategy

everyone has equal chance of being selected

stratified random sampling strategy

probability plus strata, highest external validity