Micro 16

macul papular rash

red and flat 

not itchy

mainly viral 

spread by respiratory droplet 

preventable 

abscess

goes into skin

kind of itchy

all bacterial

spread by touch

treatable

vesicular/pustular

big and raised filled with pus

very itchy

all viral 

spread by touch or resp droplet 

normal biota on skin

eat your skin

fight off pathogens 

Maculopapular rash examples

Measles-Viral

Rubella-Viral

Fifth disease-Viral

Roseola-Viral

Scarlet fever-Bacterial

measles/rubeola

cause: member of Paramyxoviridae family 

transmission: resp droplets 

signs: koplik spots, red rash from hairline to extremities, macul papular rash

symptoms: sore throat, dry cough, headache, fever 

most infectious disease

koplik spots

red patches with white grain-like centers that appear along the gum line

measles diagnosis and prevention 

ELISA to test for IgM antigen

prevention: MMR vaccine 

Rubella

caused by rubella virus

symptoms: fever, pale pink maculopapular rash

rubella prevention and treatment

mmr vaccine

no treatment 

roseola - herpes virus 6 

spread by: resp droplets

signs: fever, maculopapular rash

cause: human herpesvirus 6 or 7 

scarlet fever

cause: Streptococcus pyogenes

signs: sandpaper feel to skin, severe sore throat 

spread by: resp droplet or direct contact 

Staphylococcus aureus

cause: bacterium Staphylococcus aureus

signs: raised, red, tender, localized lesions, fever

diagnosis: Coagulase test

Folliculitis-

base of hair follicle

adult Staphylococcus aureus

impetigo

walled blisters, oozing yellow

children Staphylococcus aureus

Vesicular/Pustular rashes

pox

chicken pox

cause: varicella-zoster virus

signs: red itchy rash, fever

pustular rashes 

shingles

caused by: Varicella-zoster virus

signs: virus popping out of nerves, pain

vaccine: zostavax 

small pox

cause: variola virus 

signs: fever, rash, lesions are deep

Wart like eruptions

cause: Human papillomaviruses (warts)

signs: genital warts, ct covers the wart 

Cutaneous Anthrax

cause: bacillus anthracis

signs: explodes rbcs, black wound

ringworm/ tinea

fungal infection

cause: dermatophytes

signs: ring like infection

conjunctivitis

signs:pink eye, pain, swelling, redness and discharge that may cause the eyelids to stick together

cause:Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae

clear discharge: virus

milky discharge: bacteria

neonatal blindness

cause: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis

can viruses be treated with antibiotics

no, only bacteria infections