US History Module 6 Vocab

industrial revolution

social and economic changes brought about by machines replacing hand tools and large-scale factory production

mass production

production of goods in large quantities

interchangeable parts

parts that are exactly the same

cotton gin

cleaned cotton and made it possible to make profit, helped drive the growing of cotton

National Road

connected Maryland to Illinois

Erie Canal

connected Great Lakes to Hudson River

nationalism

belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns/interests of other countries

Monroe Doctrine

President Monroe warned Europeans to not try and expand in Western hemisphere, that their current holdings would not be interfered with by US

Democratic-republican party

the forerunner party of today’s Democrats created by Andrew Jackson after he suspected Adams made a corrupt deal to be elected President

spoils system

incoming President throws out former appointees and replaces them with their friends

Indian Removal Act

passed in 1830, provided money to negotiate treaties to force natives to move west

Trail of Tears

Cherokee forced to travel 800 miles from their homes out west

Tariff of Abominations

name for 1828 tariff passed to protect American goods

whig party

formed by Democrats angry at Andrew Jackson

Bank of the United States

was to be recharted in 1832 but vetoed by Jackson, all federal revenue deposited in bank, but interest earned by private stockholders

panic of 1837

banks printing more paper money than they have gold/silver and devalued paper money, banks closed and people lost money

specialization

raising one or two cash crops that they could sell at home or abroad

market revolution

people bought and sold goods instead of making them for their own use

capitalism

the economic system in which private businesses and individuals control the means of production like factories, machines, and land and them to earn profits

entrepreneurs

• means “to undertake”

• business people who supplied their own funds to create a capital, the money, property, machines, and factories that fueled America’s expanding economy

telegraph

carried messages, tapped in code, across copper wire